Trust-Based Shard Distribution Scheme for Fault-Tolerant Shard Blockchain Networks
| Autor: | Yunyeong Goh, Jong-Moon Chung, Jusik Yun |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0209 industrial biotechnology
General Computer Science Computer science Throughput 02 engineering and technology 020901 industrial engineering & automation Blockchain Data integrity sharding 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering genetic algorithm Trust management (information system) General Materials Science Block (data storage) business.industry General Engineering Fault tolerance trust malicious attack Shard fault tolerant Scalability 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering business Database transaction lcsh:TK1-9971 Computer network |
| Zdroj: | IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 135164-135175 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 2169-3536 |
| Popis: | Blockchains guarantee data integrity through consensus of distributed ledgers based on multiple validation nodes called miners. For this reason, any blockchain system can be critically disabled by a malicious attack from a majority of the nodes (e.g., 51% attack). These attacks are more likely to succeed as the number of nodes required for consensus is smaller. Recently, as blockchains are becoming too large (making them difficult to store, send, receive, and manage), sharding is being considered as a technology to help improve the transaction throughput and scalability of blockchains. Sharding distributes block validators to disjoint sets to process transactions in parallel. Therefore, the number of validators of each shard group is smaller, which makes shard-based blockchains more vulnerable to 51% attacks than blockchains that do not use sharding. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a trust-based shard distribution (TBSD) scheme that assigns potential malicious nodes in the network to different shards, preventing malicious nodes from gaining a dominating influence on the consensus of a single shard. TBSD uses a trust-based shard distribution scheme to prevent malicious miners from gathering in on one shard by integration of a trust management system and genetic algorithm (GA). First, the trust of all nodes is computed based on the previous consensus result. Then, a GA is used to compute the shard distribution set to prevent collusion of malicious miners. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed TBSD scheme results in a shard distribution with a higher level of fairness than existing schemes, which provides an improved level of protection against malicious attacks. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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