A new method for in vitro feeding of Rhipicephalus australis (formerly Rhipicephalus microplus) larvae: a valuable tool for tick vaccine development
| Autor: | J.A.G.M. Kleuskens, Theo Schetters, Jos van de Crommert, Jos J. A. Trentelman |
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| Přispěvatelé: | AII - Infectious diseases, Graduate School, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Veterinary medicine Tick infestation 030231 tropical medicine Biology Tick Artificial tick feeding In vitro screening Feeding Methods 03 medical and health sciences Larvae 0302 clinical medicine parasitic diseases Rhipicephalus medicine Animals Larva Acaricide Research fungi Temperature Babesiosis biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Blood meal Animal Feed 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Rhipicephalus microplus Parasitology Rhipicephalus australis Entomology |
| Zdroj: | Parasites & Vectors Parasites & vectors, 10(1). BioMed Central |
| ISSN: | 1756-3305 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s13071-017-2081-0 |
| Popis: | Background Rhipicephalus microplus is a hard tick that has a major impact on cattle health in tropical and subtropical regions because it feeds on cattle and is implicated in the transmission of pathogens that cause diseases such as bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis. Presently, acaricides are used to control tick infestation but this is becoming increasingly less effective due to the emergence of tick strains that are resistant to one or more classes of acaricides. Anti-tick vaccines are a promising alternative to control tick infestation in cattle. The life-cycle and host preference of R. microplus, however, makes vaccine research in cattle costly and would therefore greatly benefit from an in vitro screening system. Methods To this aim, a stacked 24-well in vitro feeding system was designed in which the blood meal was administered in a chamber on top of the compartment containing the ticks, exploiting their anti-gravitational tendency. Both compartments were separated by a special feeding membrane, which was made by applying a silicone mixture to a gold beater’s skin (baudruche membrane) with a paint roller to create a slightly uneven surface of 17–40 μm variable thickness. To further stimulate feeding, the membrane was treated with bovine hair extract and the unit was placed at 37 °C with 90% RH and 5% CO2. Results Using this set-up with Rhipicephalus australis (formerly Rhipicephalus microplus), a larval engorgement rate of up to 71% could be achieved. The larvae could successfully feed on blood, but also on serum. The latter allows easy screening of the effect of sera that are raised against tick proteins on feeding. As an example, serum from cattle that were vaccinated with the Bm86 midgut protein of R. microplus significantly reduced larval engorgement rates by 42%. Conclusion The in vitro feeding system’s high throughput design and its ability to measure statistically significant anti-tick effects in sera from immunized cattle enables screening of multiple vaccine candidates in a cost-effective manner. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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