Comparative effects of the parasiticide ivermectin on survival and reproduction of adult sepsid flies
| Autor: | Julian Baur, Thierry Kuhn, Nicola van Koppenhagen, Jana Dietrich, Martin A. Schäfer, Sheena Conforti, Wolf U. Blanckenhorn, Patrick T. Rohner |
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| Přispěvatelé: | University of Zurich, Blanckenhorn, Wolf U |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0106 biological sciences Insecta Range (biology) animal diseases Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Feces Ivermectin Phylogeny media_common Larva Antiparasitic Agents Ecology Reproduction Veterinary Drugs General Medicine Fecundity Pollution Health 2310 Pollution 590 Animals (Zoology) Female Livestock Public Health medicine.drug Sepsidae Offspring media_common.quotation_subject Zoology Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies parasitic diseases 2307 Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis medicine Animals Toxicology and Mutagenesis Ecosystem 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Life Cycle Stages business.industry Diptera fungi Environmental and Occupational Health Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health 2739 Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health biology.organism_classification Fertility 570 Life sciences biology business |
| Popis: | Ivermectin is a veterinary pharmaceutical widely applied against parasites of livestock. Being effective against pests, it is also known to have lethal and sublethal effects on non-target organisms. While considerable research demonstrates the impact of ivermectin residues in livestock dung on the development and survival of dung feeding insect larvae, surprisingly little is known about its fitness effects on adults. We tested the impact of ivermectin on the survival of adult sepsid dung fly species (Diptera: Sepsidae) in the laboratory, using an ecologically relevant and realistic range of 69–1978 µg ivermectin/kg wet dung, and compared the sensitivities of larvae and adults in a phylogenetic framework. For one representative, relatively insensitive species, Sepsis punctum, we further investigated effects of ivermectin on female fecundity and male fertility. Moreover, we tested whether females can differentiate between ivermectin-spiked and non-contaminated dung in the wild. Adult sepsid flies exposed to ivermectin suffered increased mortality, whereby closely related species varied strongly in their sensitivity. Adult susceptibility to the drug correlated with larval susceptibility, showing a phylogenetic signal and demonstrating systemic variation in ivermectin sensitivity. Exposure of S. punctum females to even low concentrations of ivermectin lowered the number of eggs laid, while treatment of males reduced egg-to-adult offspring survival, presumably via impairment of sperm quality or quantity. The fitness impact was amplified when both parents were exposed. Lastly, sepsid flies did not discriminate against ivermectin-spiked dung in the field. Treatment of livestock with avermectins may thus have even more far-reaching sublethal ecological consequences than currently assumed via effects on adult dung-feeding insects. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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