Opioid withdrawal suppression efficacy of oral dronabinol in opioid dependent humans
| Autor: | Shanna Babalonis, Samy Claude Elayi, Sharon L. Walsh, Michelle R. Lofwall, Paul A. Nuzzo |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_treatment Sedation Administration Oral Toxicology Placebo Partial agonist Article 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Double-Blind Method Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 medicine Opiate Substitution Treatment Humans Pharmacology (medical) 030212 general & internal medicine Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance Dronabinol Pharmacology Dose-Response Relationship Drug Analgesics Non-Narcotic Middle Aged Opioid-Related Disorders Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Analgesics Opioid Psychiatry and Mental health Opioid Anesthesia Female Cannabinoid medicine.symptom Psychology Oxycodone 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Drug and alcohol dependence. 164 |
| ISSN: | 1879-0046 |
| Popis: | Background The cannabinoid (CB) system is a rational novel target for treating opioid dependence, a significant public health problem around the world. This proof-of-concept study examined the potential efficacy of a CB1 receptor partial agonist, dronabinol, in relieving signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal. Methods Twelve opioid dependent adults participated in this 5-week, inpatient, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Volunteers were maintained on double-blind oxycodone (30 mg oral, four times/day) and participated in a training session followed by 7 experimental sessions, each testing a single oral test dose (placebo, oxycodone 30 and 60 mg, dronabinol 5, 10, 20, and 30 mg [decreased from 40 mg]). Placebo was substituted for oxycodone maintenance doses for 21 h before each session in order to produce measurable opioid withdrawal. Outcomes included observer- and participant-ratings of opioid agonist, opioid withdrawal and psychomotor/cognitive performance. Results Oxycodone produced prototypic opioid agonist effects (i.e. suppressing withdrawal and increasing subjective effects indicative of abuse liability). Dronabinol 5 and 10 mg produced effects most similar to placebo, while the 20 and 30 mg doses produced modest signals of withdrawal suppression that were accompanied by dose-related increases in high, sedation, bad effects, feelings of heart racing, and tachycardia. Dronabinol was not liked more than placebo, showed some impairment in cognitive performance, and was identified as marijuana with increasing dose. Conclusion CB1 receptor activation is a reasonable strategy to pursue for the treatment of opioid withdrawal; however, dronabinol is not a likely candidate given its modest withdrawal suppression effects of limited duration and previously reported tachycardia during opioid withdrawal. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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