Chronic and Early Antiretroviral Therapy Impact Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Serological Assay Sensitivity, Leading to More False-Negative Test Results in HIV Diagnosis
| Autor: | Kristel Van Laethem, Géraldine Dessilly, Katrien Fransen, Sigi Van den Wijngaert, Fien Vanroye, Virginie Mortier, Karolien Stoffels, Koen O A Vercauteren, Laurent Debaisieux, Chris Verhofstede, Melissa Depypere, Marie-Luce Delforge, Dolores Vaira, Ellen Vancutsem |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Clinical Biology, Supporting clinical sciences, Brussels Heritage Lab, Microbiology and Infection Control |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty HIV diagnosis Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) HIV Infections HIV Antibodies medicine.disease_cause Sensitivity and Specificity Gastroenterology Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use HIV confirmatory assays Serology Secondary Prevention/methods Belgium Internal medicine Secondary Prevention medicine HIV rapid tests Humans Immunology and Allergy Serologic Tests Viral load False Negative Reactions Retrospective Studies Immunoassay Diagnostic Tests Routine business.industry Serological assay HIV Retrospective cohort study Antiretroviral therapy HIV Infections/diagnosis Infectious Diseases Anti-Retroviral Agents Cohort HIV-1 Diagnostic Tests Routine/methods business |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 222:1660-1669 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/infdis/jiaa271 |
| Popis: | This retrospective study evaluated the reactivity of 3 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) confirmatory assays (INNO-LIA, Geenius, and MP) and 7 HIV rapid tests on samples from 2 different study populations in Belgium. For the early-treated cohort (83 HIV-1 adult patients treated within 3 months after infection), HIV-1 diagnosis was not obtained in at least 1 confirmatory assay in 12.0% (10/83) and in an HIV rapid test in 31.3% (26/83). Confirmation assay sensitivities ranged from 87.5% to 95.2%, whereas rapid test assay sensitivities ranged from 75.9% to 100%. The time to treatment initiation or the length of time on treatment did not have a statistical influence on the probability to obtain a false-negative test result. The fastest reversion was demonstrated after 4 months of treatment. Among the long-term treated cohort (390 HIV-1 patients with ≥ 9 years of undetectable viral load), false-negative test results were found in at least 1 HIV confirmatory assay for 2.1% (8/390) of the patients and in a HIV rapid test for 4.9% (19/390). Confirmation assay sensitivities ranged from 98.1% to 99.5%, whereas rapid test sensitivities ranged from 96.2% to 100%. Longer treatment increased nonreactivity of the HIV rapid tests (P = .033). Undetectable viral load decreases the sensitivities of HIV diagnostic tests, and further monitoring of the performance of serological assays is advised. ispartof: JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES vol:222 issue:10 pages:1660-1669 ispartof: location:United States status: published |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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