Developmental manganese exposure in combination with developmental stress and iron deficiency: Effects on behavior and monoamines
Autor: | Arnold Gutierrez, Jillian R. Hufgard, Robyn M. Amos-Kroohs, Laurie L. Davenport, Michael T. Williams, Charles V. Vorhees |
---|---|
Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Litter (animal) Serotonin Startle response Offspring Dopamine Anxiety Motor Activity Toxicology Hippocampus Article Developmental psychology Rats Sprague-Dawley Norepinephrine 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Animal science Developmental Neuroscience medicine Animals Biogenic Monoamines Social Behavior Prepulse inhibition Manganese Behavior Animal medicine.diagnostic_test Prepulse Inhibition Chemistry Dopaminergic Iron Deficiencies Rats Neostriatum 030104 developmental biology Monoamine neurotransmitter Hematocrit 3 4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid Female Cage Stress Psychological 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Behavioural despair test |
Zdroj: | Neurotoxicol Teratol |
ISSN: | 0892-0362 |
Popis: | Manganese (Mn) is an essential element but neurotoxic at higher exposures, however, Mn exposure seldom occurs in isolation. It often co-occurs in populations with inadequate dietary iron (Fe) and limited resources that result in stress. Subclinical FeD affects up to 15% of U.S. children and exacerbates Mn toxicity by increasing Mn bioavailability. Therefore, we investigated Mn overexposure (MnOE) in rats in combination with Fe deficiency (FeD) and developmental stress, for which we used barren cage rearing. For barren cage rearing (BAR), rats were housed in cages with a wire grid floor or standard bedding material (STD) from embryonic day (E)7 through postnatal day (P)28. For FeD, dams were fed a 90% Fe-deficient NIH-07 diet from E15 through P28. Within each litter, different offspring were treated with 100 mg/kg Mn (MnOE) or vehicle (VEH) by gavage every other day from P4–28. Behavior was assessed at two ages and consisted of: open-field, anxiety tests, acoustic startle response (ASR) with prepulse inhibition (PPI), sociability, sucrose preference, tapered beam crossing, and the Porsolt’s forced swim test. MnOE had main effects of decreasing activity, ASR, social preference, and social novelty. BAR and FeD transiently modified MnOE effects. BAR groups weighed less and showed decreased anxiety in the elevated zero maze, had increased ASR and decreased PPI, and exhibited reduced sucrose preference compared with the STD groups. FeD animals also weighed less and had increased slips on the tapered beam. Most of the monoamine effects were dopaminergic and occurred in the MnOE groups. The results showed that Mn is a pervasive developmental neurotoxin, the effects of which are modulated by FeD and/or BAR cage rearing. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
Externí odkaz: |