The Po River Delta (north Italy) indoor epidemiological study: effects of pollutant exposure on acute respiratory symptoms and respiratory function in adults

Autor: Antonio Scognamiglio, Laura Carrozzi, Giovanni Viegi, Sapigni T, Sandra Baldacci, Francesco di Pede, M. Simoni
Rok vydání: 2002
Předmět:
Male
Passive smoking
Time Factors
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Acute respiratory symptoms
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
medicine.disease_cause
chemistry.chemical_compound
Residence Characteristics
Respiratory function
Respiratory system
Indoor pollution
General Environmental Science
Inhalation Exposure
River delta
geography.geographical_feature_category
Respiratory disease
Nitrogen dioxide
Particulate matter
Peak expiratory flow
Acute Disease
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Air Pollution
Indoor
Chronic Disease
Cross-Sectional Studies
Environmental Monitoring
Epidemiological Monitoring
Female
Humans
Italy
Middle Aged
Nitrogen Dioxide
Oxidants
Photochemical
Seasons
Tobacco Smoke Pollution
Urban Health
Particulates
Oxidants
Animal science
Air Pollution
medicine
Environmental Chemistry
Indoor
geography
business.industry
Photochemical
Diurnal temperature variation
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
medicine.disease
chemistry
business
Zdroj: Archives of environmental health. 57(2)
ISSN: 0003-9896
Popis: The authors studied the effects of relatively low doses of nitrogen dioxide and respirable suspended particulate matter (i.e.,2.5 mu) on acute respiratory symptoms and on peak expiratory flow in 383 adults (15-72 yr of age) who lived in the Po River Delta area, located near Venice. During 2 wk-1 wk in winter and 1 wk in summer--the authors monitored each participant's house to measure nitrogen dioxide (in parts per billion) and respirable suspended particulate (microgram/m3) concentration. Information on sex, age, height, weight, daily activity patterns, active and passive smoking, chronic respiratory diseases, daily peak expiratory flow, and presence of acute respiratory symptoms during the weeks monitoring occurred were also collected. Peak expiratory flow variation was studied as mean amplitude percentage (i.e., amplitude/mean) and percentage of diurnal variation (maximum/minimum). The exposure indices to nitrogen dioxide (nitrogen dioxide--index of exposure) and to respirable suspended particulate matter (respirable suspended particulate matter-index of exposure) were computed as the product of pollutant concentration and time of exposure. The authors considered indices as "low" or "high" on the basis of the median value. The median nitrogen dioxide was 20 ppb in winter and 14 ppb in summer; the highest nitrogen dioxide levels occurred in the kitchen in the winter (33 ppb) and summer (20 ppb). The median respirable suspended particulate matter was 68 micrograms/m3 in winter and 45 micrograms/m3 in summer. Only in winter were there significant associations between bronchitic/asthmatic symptoms and "high" nitrogen dioxide and respirable suspended particulate matter indices. In subjects who did not smoke, a significant influence of the "high" respirable suspended particulate matter-index of exposure was also observed in summer. With respect to peak expiratory flow and its variability, respirable suspended particulate matter-index of exposure was associated with an increase of both amplitude/mean and maximum/mean; however, with respect to the nitrogen dioxide--index of exposure, the association was significant only in subjects with chronic respiratory diseases (i.e., asthma and bronchitis). These relationships were significant only in winter. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicate that there is an association between relatively low doses of pollutants and acute respiratory symptoms and peak expiratory flow in adults.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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