Species traits affect phenological responses to climate change in a butterfly community
| Autor: | Mark T. Swartz, Erika N. McKinney, Brent J. Sewall, Konstantina Zografou, George C. Adamidis, Virginia P. Tilden |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Climate Change Science Population 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Article Animals education 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Trophic level education.field_of_study Multidisciplinary Ecology biology Phenology Voltinism Interspecific competition Pennsylvania biology.organism_classification Environmental sciences Butterfly Medicine Seasons Regal fritillary Butterflies Speyeria |
| Zdroj: | Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021) Scientific Reports |
| ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-021-82723-1 |
| Popis: | Diverse taxa have undergone phenological shifts in response to anthropogenic climate change. While such shifts generally follow predicted patterns, they are not uniform, and interspecific variation may have important ecological consequences. We evaluated relationships among species’ phenological shifts (mean flight date, duration of flight period), ecological traits (larval trophic specialization, larval diet composition, voltinism), and population trends in a butterfly community in Pennsylvania, USA, where the summer growing season has become warmer, wetter, and longer. Data were collected over 7–19 years from 18 species or species groups, including the extremely rare eastern regal fritillary Speyeria idalia idalia. Both the direction and magnitude of phenological change over time was linked to species traits. Polyphagous species advanced and prolonged the duration of their flight period while oligophagous species delayed and shortened theirs. Herb feeders advanced their flight periods while woody feeders delayed theirs. Multivoltine species consistently prolonged flight periods in response to warmer temperatures, while univoltine species were less consistent. Butterflies that shifted to longer flight durations, and those that had polyphagous diets and multivoltine reproductive strategies tended to decline in population. Our results suggest species’ traits shape butterfly phenological responses to climate change, and are linked to important community impacts. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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