Longitudinal assessment of mycotoxin co-exposures in exclusively breastfed infants

Autor: Braun, Dominik, Schernhammer, Eva, Marko, Doris, Warth, Benedikt
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Ochratoxin A
Aflatoxin
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Population
Physiology
Food Contamination
010501 environmental sciences
Breast milk
01 natural sciences
Food safety
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Environmental health
Humans
Medicine
Longitudinal Studies
education
Mycotoxin
lcsh:Environmental sciences
030304 developmental biology
Human biomonitoring (HBM)
Natural contaminants
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
General Environmental Science
Exposure assessment
lcsh:GE1-350
2. Zero hunger
0303 health sciences
education.field_of_study
business.industry
Infant
Newborn
Infant
food and beverages
Mycotoxins
3. Good health
Infant
environmental and public health
Exposome
Breast Feeding
chemistry
Austria
Female
Risk assessment
business
Chromatography
Liquid
Food contaminant
Zdroj: Environment International, Vol 142, Iss, Pp 105845-(2020)
ISSN: 0160-4120
Popis: Early-life development of infants may be critically affected by man-made or natural contaminants including mycotoxins. However, data on the occurrence of food contaminants in breast milk is scarce and prohibits a comprehensive exposure and risk assessment for mothers and their infants.Here, we present a longitudinal exposure assessment over the first 211 days of a single newborn girl (study A) by measuring multiple mycotoxins in milk. Eighty-seven consecutive breast milk samples were obtained from the newborn’s mother living in Austria and following a regular mixed diet. Mycotoxins were analyzed by utilizing a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS approach covering 29 mycotoxins and key metabolites. In addition to this longitudinal study, three mothers provided breast milk samples each on five consecutive days, for a preliminary comparison of inter-day and inter-individual variation in exposures (study B). Study A revealed that mycotoxin occurrence in breast milk was limited to the emerging mycotoxins alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), beauvericin (BEA), enniatins (A, A1, B, B1) and to ochratoxin A (OTA), which is regulated in commercial infant food. These mycotoxins were, if present, mostly detected at very low concentrations (Our preliminary findings suggest that recommended maximum daily intake levels might not be exceeded in the Austrian population. However, exposure is likely to be higher in populations with lower food safety standards. In the light of co-occurrence of several emerging mycotoxins in breast milk, future studies should address low-dose mixture effects. This also includes other environmental contaminants which may be present in this bio-fluid and should involve an exposome-scale risk assessment. All these efforts must be intended to minimize exposure of mothers and infants in a window of high susceptibility.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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