Effect of a 'diluted' diet containing 10% lignocellulose on the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal microbiota, and excreta characteristics of dual purpose laying hens
| Autor: | Jürgen Zentek, I. Röhe, Wilfried Vahjen, F. Metzger |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Dual purpose
gastrointestinal morphology digestive tract High-performance liquid chromatography Lignin Metabolism and Nutrition 03 medical and health sciences Cecum Feces Animal science lignocellulose medicine dual purpose chicken microbiota Animals Large intestine Dry matter Gizzard 030304 developmental biology lcsh:SF1-1100 0303 health sciences Gastrointestinal tract Bacteria Chemistry 0402 animal and dairy science 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine Fatty Acids Volatile 040201 dairy & animal science Animal Feed Diet Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gastrointestinal Tract medicine.anatomical_structure Colorectal tissue Animal Science and Zoology Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Female lcsh:Animal culture Chickens |
| Zdroj: | Poultry Science Poultry Science, Vol 99, Iss 1, Pp 310-319 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1525-3171 |
| Popis: | Low performing dual purpose hens have different nutritional requirements compared to conventional hybrid hens. Lignocellulose is a low fermentable polymer, acting as a diet diluent and may influence physiological and digestive processes. This study investigated the effect of a 10% dietary lignocellulose dilution on the development of gastrointestinal organs, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbiota, and excreta characteristics of dual purpose hens. One-day-old female Lohmann Dual chicks were allocated to 12 pens and fed two different diets: A standard control diet (CON) and a treatment diet (LC), based on CON but diluted with 10% lignocellulose (ARBOCEL®). At 52 wk of age, gastrointestinal organs were extracted and weights determined. Colorectal tissue samples were chemically fixed and stained for histomorphological examinations. Cecal digesta samples were analyzed for bacterial metabolites and composition using gas chromatography, HPLC, photometry, and PCR. Excreta dry matter and viscosity was consistently assessed during the trial. LC-fed hens showed increased weights of the gizzard (P = 0.003), small (P < 0.001), and large intestine (P = 0.048) compared to hens fed CON. LC-fed hens had a larger colorectal villus area (P = 0.049), a higher mucosal enlargement factor of villi (P = 0.016) and crypts (P = 0.030) than CON-fed hens. The concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (P = 0.017) and ammonia (P = 0.013) was higher in CON-fed hens compared to LC-fed hens. Bacterial composition and activity was generally not affected by feeding the different diets. LC-fed hens had a higher excreta dry matter content than hens fed CON at 10 (P < 0.001), 17 (P < 0.001), and 22 (P = 0.002) wk of age. Correlation analyses revealed a negative relationship between the concentration of SCFAs in the cecum and the colorectal villus surface area (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the feeding of high levels of lignocellulose increased gastrointestinal organ weights and colorectal surface area in dual purpose laying hens. A higher intestinal surface area in combination with lower concentrations of SCFAs might indicate a compensatory reaction of hens fed LC enhancing the absorption of bacterial metabolites by increasing the intestinal mucosal surface. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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