Sparc Protein Is Required for Normal Growth of Zebrafish Otoliths
| Autor: | Young-Jin Kang, Richard Kollmar, Amy K. Stevenson, Peter M. Yau |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Proteomics
Molecular Sequence Data Morphogenesis Otolith morphogenesis Fluorescent Antibody Technique Mass Spectrometry Article Otolithic Membrane Neuroserpin medicine Animals Osteonectin Amino Acid Sequence Zebrafish Otolith Minerals biology Age Factors Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Morphant Oligonucleotides Antisense Zebrafish Proteins biology.organism_classification Molecular biology Sensory Systems Cell biology body regions medicine.anatomical_structure Otorhinolaryngology biology.protein C1q domain sense organs |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology. 9:436-451 |
| ISSN: | 1438-7573 1525-3961 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10162-008-0137-8 |
| Popis: | Otoliths and the homologous otoconia in the inner ear are essential for balance. Their morphogenesis is less understood than that of other biominerals, such as bone, and only a small number of their constituent proteins have been characterized. As a novel approach to identify unknown otolith proteins, we employed shotgun proteomics to analyze crude extracts from trout and catfish otoliths. We found three proteins that had not been associated previously with otolith or otoconia formation: 'Secreted acidic cysteine rich glycoprotein' (Sparc), an important bone protein that binds collagen and Ca(2+); precerebellin-like protein, which contains a C1q domain and may associate with the collagenous otolin-1 during its assembly into a framework; and neuroserpin, a serine protease inhibitor that may regulate local protease activity during framework assembly. We then used the zebrafish to investigate whether Sparc plays a role in otolith morphogenesis. Immunodetection demonstrated that Sparc is a true constituent of otoliths. Knockdown of Sparc expression in morphant zebrafish resulted in four principal types of defective otoliths: smaller, extra and ectopic, missing and fused, or completely absent. Smaller size was the predominant phenotype and independent of the severity of otic-vesicle defects. These results suggested that Sparc is directly required for normal otolith growth. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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