Experimental investigation on static and dynamic bulk moduli of dry and fluid-saturated porous sandstones
| Autor: | Wang, Lei, Rybacki, Erik, Bonnelye, Audrey, Bohnhoff, Marco, Dresen, Georg, Department of Earth Sciences, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 4.2 Geomechanics and Scientific Drilling, Potsdam, Germany, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Bulk modulus
Materials science 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ddc:550.78 Geology Dynamic bulk modulus Narrow (compliant) cracks 010502 geochemistry & geophysics Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Overburden pressure 01 natural sciences Porous sandstone Moduli Static bulk modulus Crack closure Pore water pressure Equant (stiff) pores 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften Composite material Saturation (chemistry) Porosity 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Civil and Structural Engineering Ambient pressure |
| Zdroj: | Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering |
| Popis: | Knowledge of pressure-dependent static and dynamic moduli of porous reservoir rocks is of key importance for evaluating geological setting of a reservoir in geo-energy applications. We examined experimentally the evolution of static and dynamic bulk moduli for porous Bentheim sandstone with increasing confining pressure up to about 190 MPa under dry and water-saturated conditions. The static bulk moduli (Ks) were estimated from stress–volumetric strain curves while dynamic bulk moduli (Kd) were derived from the changes in ultrasonic P- and S- wave velocities (~ 1 MHz) along different traces, which were monitored simultaneously during the entire deformation. In conjunction with published data of other porous sandstones (Berea, Navajo and Weber sandstones), our results reveal that the ratio between dynamic and static bulk moduli (Kd/Ks) reduces rapidly from about 1.5 − 2.0 at ambient pressure to about 1.1 at high pressure under dry conditions and from about 2.0 − 4.0 to about 1.5 under water-saturated conditions, respectively. We interpret such a pressure-dependent reduction by closure of narrow (compliant) cracks, highlighting that Kd/Ks is positively correlated with the amount of narrow cracks. Above the crack closure pressure, where equant (stiff) pores dominate the void space, Kd/Ks is almost constant. The enhanced difference between dynamic and static bulk moduli under water saturation compared to dry conditions is possibly caused by high pore pressure that is locally maintained if measured using high-frequency ultrasonic wave velocities. In our experiments, the pressure dependence of dynamic bulk modulus of water-saturated Bentheim sandstone at effective pressures above 5 MPa can be roughly predicted by both the effective medium theory (Mori–Tanaka scheme) and the squirt-flow model. Static bulk moduli are found to be more sensitive to narrow cracks than dynamic bulk moduli for porous sandstones under dry and water-saturated conditions. Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum - GFZ (4217) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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