Detecting Malaria Hotspots in Haiti, a Low-Transmission Setting
| Autor: | Daniel E. Impoinvil, Michelle A. Chang, Mérilien Jean Baptiste, Jodi Vanden Eng, Amber Dismer, Jean Frantz Lemoine, Kimberly E. Mace |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Adolescent Population Psychological intervention Pilot Projects Low transmission law.invention Young Adult Health facility law Virology Environmental health Malaria elimination parasitic diseases medicine Prevalence Humans education Child Aged Retrospective Studies Aged 80 and over education.field_of_study Spatial Analysis Clinical Laboratory Techniques Incidence Infant Articles Middle Aged medicine.disease Haiti Malaria Infectious Diseases Transmission (mechanics) Geography Child Preschool Spatial clustering Parasitology Health Facilities |
| Zdroj: | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
| ISSN: | 1476-1645 |
| Popis: | In 2006, Haiti committed to malaria elimination when the transmission was thought to be low, but before robust national parasite prevalence estimates were available. In 2011, the first national population-based survey confirmed the national malaria parasite prevalence was < 1%. In both 2014 and 2015, Haiti reported approximately 17,000 malaria cases identified passively at health facilities. To detect malaria transmission hotspots for targeting interventions, the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) piloted an enhanced geographic information surveillance system in three departments with relatively high-, medium-, and low-transmission areas. From October 2014–September 2015, NMCP staff abstracted health facility records of confirmed malaria cases from 59 health facilities and geo-located patients’ households. Household locations were aggregated to 1-km2 grid cells to calculate cumulative incidence rates (CIRs) per 1,000 persons. Spatial clustering of CIRs were tested using Getis-Ord Gi* analysis. Space–time permutation models searched for clusters up to 6 km in distance using a 1-month malaria transmission window. Of the 2,462 confirmed cases identified from health facility records, 58% were geo-located. Getis-Ord Gi* analysis identified 43 1-km2 hotspots in coastal and inland areas that overlapped primarily with 13 space–time clusters (size: 0.26–2.97 km). This pilot describes the feasibility of detecting malaria hotspots in resource-poor settings. More data from multiple years and serological household surveys are needed to assess completeness and hotspot stability. The NMCP can use these pilot methods and results to target foci investigations and malaria interventions more accurately. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|