A Computational Study of Nasal Spray Deposition Pattern in Four Ethnic Groups

Autor: Jarrod A. Keeler, Dennis O. Frank-Ito, Aniruddha Patki, Charles R. Woodard
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Male
Models
Anatomic
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Nasal cavity
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.medical_treatment
Airflow
Pharmaceutical Science
White People
03 medical and health sciences
Imaging
Three-Dimensional
0302 clinical medicine
Administration
Inhalation
Paranasal Sinuses
otorhinolaryngologic diseases
Ethnicity
medicine
Humans
Deposition (phase transition)
Computer Simulation
Pharmacology (medical)
Particle Size
030223 otorhinolaryngology
Sinus (anatomy)
Original Research
Aerosols
Asian
business.industry
Airway Resistance
Respiration
Numerical Analysis
Computer-Assisted
Laminar flow
Hispanic or Latino
Mechanics
Surgery
Black or African American
medicine.anatomical_structure
Paranasal sinuses
Pharmaceutical Preparations
030228 respiratory system
Nasal spray
Hydrodynamics
Radiographic Image Interpretation
Computer-Assisted
Female
Nasal Cavity
business
Tomography
Spiral Computed
Particle deposition
Zdroj: Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery. 29:153-166
ISSN: 1941-2703
1941-2711
DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2014.1205
Popis: Very little is known about the role of nasal morphology due to ethnic variation on particle deposition pattern in the sinonasal cavity. This preliminary study utilizes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling to investigate sinonasal airway morphology and deposition patterns of intranasal sprayed particles in the nose and sinuses of individuals from four different ethnic groups: African American (Black); Asian; Caucasian; and Latin American.Sixteen subjects (four from each ethnic group) with "normal" sinus protocol computed tomography (CT) were selected for CFD analysis. Three-dimensional reconstruction of each subject's sinonasal cavity was created from their personal CT images. CFD simulations were carried out in ANSYS Fluent(™) in two phases: airflow phase was done by numerically solving the Navier-Stokes equations for steady state laminar inhalation; and particle dispersed phase was solved by tracking injected (sprayed) particles through the calculated airflow field. A total of 10,000 particle streams were released from each nostril, 1000 particles per diameter ranging from 5 μm to 50 μm, with size increments of 5 μm.As reported in the literature, Caucasians (5.31 ± 0.42 cm(-1)) and Latin Americans (5.16 ± 0.40cm(-1)) had the highest surface area to volume ratio, while African Americans had highest nasal index (95.91 ± 2.22). Nasal resistance (NR) was highest among Caucasians (0.046 ± 0.008 Pa.s/mL) and Asians (0.042 ± 0.016Pa.s/mL). Asians and African Americans had the most regions with particle deposition for small (5 μm-15 μm) and large (20 μm-50 μm) particle sizes, respectively. Asians and Latin Americans individuals had the most consistent regional particle deposition pattern in the main nasal cavities within their respective ethnic groups.Preliminary results from these ethnic groups investigated showed that Caucasians and Latin Americans had the least patent nasal cavity. Furthermore, Caucasians and African Americans had the lowest inter-subject consistency in regional particle deposition pattern; this may be due to greater inter-subject variability in their respective nasal vestibule morphology.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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