Odorant-Based Detection and Discrimination of Two Economic Pests in Export Apples
| Autor: | Sylvie Cazères, David M. Suckling, Rachael M. Horner, Flore Mas, Maryam Alavi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Tortricidae Malus Codling moth Moths medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Tephritidae parasitic diseases Infestation medicine Animals Cultivar 030304 developmental biology Bactrocera tryoni 0303 health sciences Volatile Organic Compounds Ecology biology fungi food and beverages Esters General Medicine biology.organism_classification Horticulture Insect Science Odorants PEST analysis 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Journal of economic entomology. 113(1) |
| ISSN: | 1938-291X |
| Popis: | Detection of pest infestations in fresh produce traded internationally could offer improved prospects for reducing the movement of unwanted pests. Because immature stages of some pests can be difficult to find visually, other cues such as herbivore-induced volatiles that can potentially be detected at the early stages of infestation are worth investigating. In this study, we artificially infested postharvested apples (Malus × domestica ‘Royal Gala’) with two economic apple pests, the specialist codling moth (CM, Cydia pomonella Linnaeus, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and the generalist Queensland fruit fly (QFF, Bactrocera tryoni, Froggatt, Diptera: Tephritidae) and collected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) over time (days 0, 6, and 14–15). In both infestation experiments, we found a strong and significant interaction between time and treatment. Apples infested with the QFF emitted lower total amounts of VOCs than uninfested apples, whereas apples infested with the CM released similar total amounts of VOCs. Apples infested with CM had increases in several hexyl and butyl esters, which were particularly noticeable after 15 d. In contrast, changes in ethyl esters were characteristics of QFF infestation and could be detected from day 6. Our multilevel and multivariate statistical analysis identified specific volatile biomarkers for each species at each sampling time that can be used to design a new tool for remote detection and surveillance of these invasive pests in harvested apples. Nevertheless, other information such as the cultivar as well as the storage condition needs to be taken into consideration to increase accuracy of future odorant-based sensors for pest identification. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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