Review on Application of Quaternary Ammonium Salts for Gas Hydrate Inhibition
| Autor: | Haizatul Hafizah Hussain, Hazlina Husin |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
hydrates inhibition
Clathrate hydrate Inorganic chemistry Flow assurance 02 engineering and technology lcsh:Technology lcsh:Chemistry chemistry.chemical_compound 020401 chemical engineering gas hydrates General Materials Science Ammonium 0204 chemical engineering lcsh:QH301-705.5 Instrumentation Alkyl Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes chemistry.chemical_classification lcsh:T Process Chemistry and Technology General Engineering 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology lcsh:QC1-999 Computer Science Applications quaternary ammonium salts Natural gas field Hydrocarbon lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 chemistry lcsh:TA1-2040 Ionic liquid lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) 0210 nano-technology Hydrate lcsh:Physics |
| Zdroj: | Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 3, p 1011 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2076-3417 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/app10031011 |
| Popis: | Gas hydrate solids occurrence is considered as one of the serious challenges in flow assurance as it affects the hydrocarbon production significantly, especially in deep water gas fields. The most cost-effective method to inhibit the formation of hydrate in pipelines is by injecting a hydrate inhibitor agent. Continuous studies have led to a comprehensive understanding on the use of low dosage hydrate inhibitors such as ionic liquid and quaternary ammonium salts which are also known as dual function gas hydrate inhibitors. This paper covers the latest types of quaternary ammonium salts (2020–2016) and a summary of findings which are essential for future studies. Reviews on the effects of length of ionic liquids alkyl chain, average suppression temperatures, hydrate dissociation enthalpies, and electrical conductivity to the effectiveness of the quaternary ammonium salts as gas hydrate inhibitors are included. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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