High-Dose Neonatal Vitamin A Supplementation to Bangladeshi Infants Increases the Percentage of CCR9-Positive Treg Cells in Infants with Lower Birthweight in Early Infancy, and Decreases Plasma sCD14 Concentration and the Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency at Two Years of Age
| Autor: | Jahangir Alam, Charles B. Stephensen, Janet M Peerson, Rubhana Raqib, Shaikh Meshbahuddin Ahmad, Nure Alam Afsar, M. Nazmul Huda, Sherry A. Tanumihardjo, Firdausi Qadri |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Vitamin Male medicine.medical_specialty Birth weight T cell Lipopolysaccharide Receptors Medicine (miscellaneous) Inflammation Systemic inflammation T-Lymphocytes Regulatory 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Receptors CCR Immune system Internal medicine Original Research Articles medicine Birth Weight Humans Vitamin A Bangladesh 030109 nutrition & dietetics Nutrition and Dietetics Dose-Response Relationship Drug business.industry Vitamin A Deficiency Retinol Infant Newborn medicine.disease Vitamin A deficiency 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Child Preschool Dietary Supplements Female medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | J Nutr |
| ISSN: | 1541-6100 0158-3972 |
| Popis: | Background Vitamin A (VA) stores are low in early infancy and may impair development of the immune system. Objective This study determined if neonatal VA supplementation (VAS) affects the following: 1) development of regulatory T (Treg) cells; 2) chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) expression, which directs mucosal targeting of immune cells; and 3) systemic endotoxin exposure as indicated by changed plasma concentrations of soluble CD14 (sCD14). Secondarily, VA status, growth, and systemic inflammation were investigated. Methods In total, 306 Bangladeshi infants were randomly assigned to receive 50,000 IU VA or placebo (PL) within 48 h of birth, and immune function was assessed at 6 wk, 15 wk, and 2 y. Primary outcomes included the following: 1) peripheral blood Treg cells; 2) percentage of Treg, T, and B cells expressing CCR9; and 3) plasma sCD14. Secondary outcomes included the following: 4) VA status measured using the modified relative dose-response (MRDR) test and plasma retinol; 5) infant growth; and 6) plasma C-reactive protein (CRP). Statistical analysis identified group differences and interactions with sex and birthweight. Results VAS increased (P = 0.004) the percentage of CCR9+ Treg cells (13.2 ± 1.37%) relative to PL (9.17 ± 1.15%) in children below the median birthweight but had the opposite effect (P = 0.04) in those with higher birthweight (VA, 9.13 ± 0.89; PL, 12.1 ± 1.31%) at 6 and 15 wk (values are combined mean ± SE). VAS decreased (P = 0.003) plasma sCD14 (1.56 ± 0.025 mg/L) relative to PL (1.67 ± 0.032 mg/L) and decreased (P = 0.034) the prevalence of VA deficiency (2.3%) relative to PL (9.2%) at 2 y. Conclusions Neonatal VAS enhanced mucosal targeting of Treg cells in low-birthweight infants. The decreased systemic exposure to endotoxin and improved VA status at 2 y may have been due to VA-mediated improvements in gut development resulting in improved barrier function and nutrient absorption. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01583972 and NCT02027610. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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