Eponymous signs in toxicology and poisoning in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
| Autor: | Eileen S. Yale, Steven H. Yale, Halil Tekiner |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Toxicology Reports Toxicology Reports, Vol 8, Iss, Pp 1583-1591 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2214-7500 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.08.003 |
| Popis: | Highlights • Eponyms named for people are terms used to honor one’s accomplishment(s) and contributions to science and medicine. • Nearly 30 eponymous signs associated with toxicology and poisoning have been identified in the literature, almost half of which were named for persons between 1831 and 1910. • Signs are clinical, radiologic, surgical, laboratory, and pathological findings which assist in recognizing features or patterns of a disease or a phenomenon. • Signs of poisoning are important to recognize as these findings may assist in diagnosis. • Learning these signs eponymously named for a person and their historical background provides a more in-depth appreciation of their accomplishments that occurred at a time when there were more limited laboratory and diagnostic tests. Toxicology emerged as an independent discipline in the early nineteenth century and has been aided by the development of numerous sophisticated tests that allow physicians and scientists to identify, quantify, and quantitate elements, chemicals, compounds, and toxins and to sort them into their component parts. These developments also contributed to enrich toxicological terminology with many new terms and eponyms in particular. Eponyms are ascribed to a variety of phenomena including attributing, in many cases, to the person who first identified or described a particular phenomenon and are named for the variety of findings found during the medical, surgical, pathological, or laboratory evaluation. Focusing on eponymous signs caused by poisons and toxins, the purpose of this paper is to honor the eponymous persons who first discovered, described, or more fully elaborated the finding. Nearly 30 associated eponyms have been identified in the literature, half of which were named for persons (e.g., Anstie sign, Billard sign, Blyth sign, Burton sign/line, Corrigan sign, Hertoghe sign, Peary sign). We believe that they are important to learn as they impart an in-depth appreciation of their role and application during the clinical examination. Knowledge of the person’s biographical accomplishment(s) and character imparts a personalized and humane qualities to these signs from a medico-historical perspective. Understanding these signs and how to recognize them provides a method applying the bedside clinical examination to further support clinical suspicion or diagnose disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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