Implications of Enhancer Transcription and eRNAs in Cancer
Autor: | Shrikanth S. Gadad, Jessica Chacon, Chandrima Das, Sabita Roy, Santanu Adhikary |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Transcription Genetic Computational biology Regulatory Sequences Nucleic Acid Biology medicine.disease_cause Epigenesis Genetic Histones Mice Transcription (biology) Neoplasms medicine Animals Humans Epigenetics Enhancer Gene Transcription factor Cancer Promoter Oncogenes medicine.disease Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic Enhancer Elements Genetic Oncology Drug Resistance Neoplasm Neoplasm Recurrence Local Carcinogenesis Genome-Wide Association Study |
Zdroj: | Cancer Research. 81:4174-4182 |
ISSN: | 1538-7445 0008-5472 |
Popis: | Despite extensive progress in developing anticancer therapies, therapy resistance remains a major challenge that promotes disease relapse. The changes that lead to therapy resistance can be intrinsically present or may be initiated during treatment. Genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity in tumors make it more challenging to deal with therapy resistance. Recent advances in genome-wide analyses have revealed that the deregulation of distal gene regulatory elements, such as enhancers, appears in several pathophysiological conditions, including cancer. Beyond the conventional function of enhancers in recruiting transcription factors to gene promoters, enhancer elements are also transcribed into noncoding RNAs known as enhancer RNAs (eRNA). Accumulating evidence suggests that uncontrolled enhancer activity with aberrant eRNA expression promotes oncogenesis. Interestingly, tissue-specific, transcribed eRNAs from active enhancers can serve as potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers in several cancer types. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of enhancer transcription and eRNAs as well as their potential roles in cancer and drug resistance. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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