Lethal interactions among forest‐grouse predators are numerous, motivated by hunger and carcasses, and their impacts determined by the demographic value of the victims
| Autor: | Xavier Lambin, Lise Ruffino, Cristian David Navarro Waggershauser, Kenny Kortland |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
predator interactions media_common.quotation_subject killing Population Wildlife Grouse Reviews Review Article 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Competition (biology) Predation 03 medical and health sciences biology.animal forest‐grouse education Predator Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics QH540-549.5 030304 developmental biology Nature and Landscape Conservation media_common 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study biology Ecology conservation Vertebrate suppression biology.organism_classification Intraguild predation intraguild predation |
| Zdroj: | Ecology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 12, Pp 7164-7186 (2021) Ecology and Evolution |
| ISSN: | 2045-7758 |
| Popis: | New vertebrate communities are emerging in Europe following the recovery of multiple native predators to highly anthropized landscapes where predator control is still prevalent. While the lack of reference points for these communities creates novel challenges for conservationists and wildlife managers, they also provide opportunities to further our understanding of species interactions. Despite a growing body of evidence, many aspects of interactions among predators remain poorly understood, impairing our ability to anticipate the effects of such changes in predator communities. Through a systematic literature review, we gathered all the available evidence concerning the existence, strength, and demographic impacts of lethal predator interactions among forest‐grouse predators in Europe. We found a highly interconnected predator community, with 44 pairwise lethal interactions among 12 taxa. Three of these resulted in some degree of population suppression of the victim, while another three did not. However, most interactions (38) have not been evaluated for population suppression. Additionally, we highlight how predators interact simultaneously with a large range of other predators and identified at least two further taxa possibly suppressed through the combined impacts of multiple predators. We propose that interactions causing demographic suppression are characterized by impacts on individuals with high survival elasticity and that they are motivated by food limitation and additionally, in mammals, by competition for carcasses. Predator interactions, and our still poor understanding of them, introduce large uncertainties to conservation actions based on the management of predator abundances, which should be carefully evaluated. The uncertainties surrounding emerging predator communities in Europe and the resulting networks of predator interactions create novel challenges for conservation and wildlife management but also offer new opportunities to improve our understanding of species ecology and interactions. Through a literature review of the interactions among the predators of forest grouse in Europe, we found a highly interconnected community of predators, with at least 44 interactions among 12 taxa, three of which result in some degree of population suppression. While the frequency of predator interactions is seemingly driven by food limitation and, in mammals, by competition for carcasses, we propose that whether they cause suppression or not is determined by whether impacts are on population classes whose survival has large effects on the population growth rate. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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