The effect of cold on the occurrence of bruising, haematoma and pain at the injection site in subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin
| Autor: | Nevin Kuzu, Hulya Ucar |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Time Factors Cold application medicine.medical_treatment Cryotherapy anticoagulant agent Clinical Nursing Research Subcutaneous injection nursing Pain assessment Injection site middle aged pain assessment Medicine chemically induced disorder contusion General Nursing comparative study time Pain Measurement Hematoma Low molecular weight heparin article clinical trial methodology Heparin female Anesthesia medicine.symptom medicine.drug medicine.medical_specialty Haematoma medicine.drug_class Contusions Injections Subcutaneous Pain subcutaneous drug administration Humans controlled study Anticoagulants/administration & dosage/*adverse effects Contusions/*chemically induced/*nursing/pathology Cryotherapy/*methods/*nursing Enoxaparin/administration & dosage/*adverse effects Female Hematoma/*chemically induced/*nursing/pathology Middle Aged Pain/*chemically induced/diagnosis/*nursing human Enoxaparin controlled clinical trial business.industry Anticoagulants Bruise medicine.disease Surgery pathology business |
| Popis: | The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of local dry cold application on the occurrence of bruising, haematoma and pain at the injection site in subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin injections. The research involved 63 patients who had received 2 × 20 mg enoxaparine and who were divided into four treatment groups. In the first group, cold was not applied. Cold was applied to the injection site for 5 min before the injection in the second group, and for 5 min after the injection in the third group. In the fourth group, it was applied to the injection site for 5 min pre and post injection. Following each injection, the patients' pain intensity and duration were measured, and the presence of bruise and haematoma were measured at 48 and 72 h after the injection. Results showed that a haematoma did not occur at the injection site of any subject, and there was no significant difference in the incidence or size of bruise among the groups; however, the subjects' perception of pain was significantly less with ice application. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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