Inflammatory response and survival of pedicled abdominal flaps in a rat model after perivascular application of botulinum toxin type A
| Autor: | Taolin Fang, Peter Arnold, Georgios Ziakas, Somjade J. Songcharoen, Feng Zhang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A medicine.medical_specialty Lidocaine medicine.medical_treatment Inflammatory response Rat model Neurotoxins Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Gastroenterology Surgical Flaps Rats Sprague-Dawley Abdominal flaps Internal medicine medicine Animals RNA Messenger Botulinum Toxins Type A Saline business.industry Sympathectomy Chemical Rats Anesthesia Models Animal Surgery Tumor necrosis factor alpha business Perfusion medicine.drug Botulinum toxin type Interleukin-1 |
| Zdroj: | Plastic and reconstructive surgery. 133(4) |
| ISSN: | 1529-4242 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND In addition to the numerous applications of botulinum toxin type A, the authors have documented improvements in surgical flap survival through vasoactive effects. This study aimed to investigate its effect on the expression of inflammatory mediators. METHODS In 54 male Sprague-Dawley rats, cutaneous flaps based on the superficial epigastric vessels were elevated. Botulinum toxin type A, lidocaine, or saline was administered to the vascular pedicle. After 1, 2, and 7 days, mRNA expression for tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor-165 was compared along with flap survival. RESULTS Vascular endothelial growth factor-165 mRNA expression was lower in the botulinum toxin type A group compared with (1) the saline group at days 1 and 2 (p < 0.01) and (2) the lidocaine group at day 2 (p < 0.05). The expression of interleukin-1 was significantly less at each time point in the botulinum toxin type A group compared with the lidocaine group (p < 0.02), and at day 2 compared with the saline group (p < 0.01). Tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression in the botulinum toxin type A group was lower at 2 days and 7 days compared with both other groups (p < 0.04). Finally, both the botulinum toxin type A and lidocaine groups had a greater survival area (p < 0.05) compared with the saline group. CONCLUSION The presence of botulinum toxin type A in the postsurgical flap microenvironment augments tissue perfusion and its inflammatory response and, ultimately, survival. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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