Motor learning requires myelination to reduce asynchrony and spontaneity in neural activity
Autor: | Philip R. Lee, Daisuke Kato, R. Douglas Fields, Masanori Matsuzaki, Riho Ono, Yasuhiro R. Tanaka, Nobuaki Tamamaki, Junichi Nabekura, Noriyuki Matsukawa, Shouta Sugio, Yasuyo Tanaka, Yoshihisa Tachibana, Kazuhiro Ikenaka, Yukio Tsuji, Hiroaki Wake, Riichiro Hira, Yoshito Masamizu, Andrew J. Moorhouse |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male neuron–glia interactions axonal conduction Action Potentials Mice Transgenic Optogenetics Biology Nerve Fibers Myelinated 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Myelin Mice 0302 clinical medicine Postsynaptic potential medicine Animals Learning Axon optogenetics Myelin Sheath Research Articles Neurons Motor Cortex myelination calcium imaging 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Neurology nervous system Brain stimulation Forelimb Motor learning Neuroscience motor learning 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Psychomotor Performance oligodendrocyte Motor cortex Research Article |
Zdroj: | Glia |
ISSN: | 0894-1491 |
Popis: | Myelination increases the conduction velocity in long‐range axons and is prerequisite for many brain functions. Impaired myelin regulation or impairment of myelin itself is frequently associated with deficits in learning and cognition in neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, it has not been revealed what perturbation of neural activity induced by myelin impairment causes learning deficits. Here, we measured neural activity in the motor cortex during motor learning in transgenic mice with a subtle impairment of their myelin. This deficit in myelin impaired motor learning, and was accompanied by a decrease in the amplitude of movement‐related activity and an increase in the frequency of spontaneous activity. Thalamocortical axons showed variability in axonal conduction with a large spread in the timing of postsynaptic cortical responses. Repetitive pairing of forelimb movements with optogenetic stimulation of thalamocortical axon terminals restored motor learning. Thus, myelin regulation helps to maintain the synchrony of cortical spike‐time arrivals through long‐range axons, facilitating the propagation of the information required for learning. Our results revealed the pathological neuronal circuit activity with impaired myelin and suggest the possibility that pairing of noninvasive brain stimulation with relevant behaviors may ameliorate cognitive and behavioral abnormalities in diseases with impaired myelination. Main Points Myelin impairment results in temporal dispersion of axonal conduction in long‐range axons.Low task‐related and high spontaneous activity induced by myelin impairment causes motor learning which is compensated by synchronized optical stimulation |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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