Particulate matter characterization at a coastal site in south-eastern Italy
| Autor: | Maria Rita Perrone, Annarita Turnone, Alessandro Buccolieri, Giovanni Buccolieri |
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| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Anions
Silicon food.ingredient Ion chromatography Analytical chemistry Management Monitoring Policy and Law Chloride chemistry.chemical_compound food Nitrate Cations medicine Ammonium Sulfate Air Pollutants Chromatography Spectrophotometry Atomic Sea salt Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Dust General Medicine Particulates Italy chemistry Metals Environmental chemistry Microscopy Electron Scanning Inductively coupled plasma Sulfur Electron Probe Microanalysis Environmental Monitoring medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | J. Environ. Monit.. 8:183-190 |
| ISSN: | 1464-0333 1464-0325 |
| Popis: | Several samples of airborne particulate matter (PM), collected from 6th November to 6th December 2003 at a coastal site in the south-east of Italy, have been analyzed by different techniques to characterize elemental composition and morphological properties of the inorganic PM fraction and obtain preliminary results on anthropogenic contributions. Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, V, Pb, Ti, Ca and Zn mass concentrations, evaluated by an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, account for up to l% of the bulk PM mass in the investigated samples. According to geochemical calculations, Ca, Al, Fe and Mn are predominantly of crustal origin, while Cr, Cu, Pb, V, Ti and Zn heavy metals are of anthropogenic origin. Ion chromatography analyses have identified sulfate (SO(4)(2-)) nitrate (NO(3)(-)), sodium (Na(+)), and ammonium (NH(4)(+)) as the main ionic components accounting for up to 38% of the total PM mass and up to 90% of the total ionic mass. Besides ion chromatography, X-ray energy dispersive (EDX) microanalyses have revealed the high variability of Cl: its weight concentration varies from about 24% to below the detection limit (or=0.5%) in the investigated samples. The marked anti-correlation between the excess of S and the Cl/Na ratio has allowed inferring that reactions between sea salt particles and acidic sulfates, which liberate HCl gas to the atmosphere leaving particles enriched in non-sea-salt sulfates, have significantly contributed to chloride depletion. Morphological analyses by scanning electron microscopy have shown that about 90% of the total sampled particles have a diameteror=5 microm. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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