Suppression of 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-Induced Nitric-Oxide Synthase 2 Expression in Astrocytes by a Novel Diindolylmethane Analog Protects Striatal Neurons against Apoptosis
| Autor: | Julie A. Moreno, Stephen Safe, David L. Carbone, Katriana A. Popichak, Ronald B. Tjalkens |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Indoles Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II Diindolylmethane Apoptosis Mice Transgenic Substantia nigra Biology Neuroprotection Nitric oxide Mice chemistry.chemical_compound Internal medicine medicine Animals Cells Cultured Cerebral Cortex Neurons Pharmacology Microglia Pars compacta MPTP Nitric oxide synthase 2 Articles Coculture Techniques Corpus Striatum Cell biology Mice Inbred C57BL Neuroprotective Agents medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Animals Newborn chemistry 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1 2 3 6-tetrahydropyridine Astrocytes biology.protein Molecular Medicine |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Pharmacology. 75:35-43 |
| ISSN: | 1521-0111 0026-895X |
| Popis: | The progressive debilitation of motor functions in Parkinson's disease (PD) results from degeneration of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta of the midbrain. Long-term inflammatory activation of microglia and astrocytes plays a central role in the progression of PD and is characterized by activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling cascade and subsequent overproduction of inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO). Suppression of this neuroinflammatory phenotype has received considerable attention as a potential target for chemotherapy, but there are no currently approved drugs that sufficiently address this problem. The data presented here demonstrate the efficacy of a novel anti-inflammatory diindolylmethane class compound, 1,1-bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-t-butylphenyl)methane (DIM-C-pPhtBu), in suppressing NF-kappaB-dependent expression of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (NOS2) and NO production in astrocytes exposed to the parkinsonian neurotoxicant 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) through a mechanism distinct from that described for the thiazolidinedione-class compound, rosiglitazone. Chromatin immunoprecipitations revealed that micromolar concentrations of DIM-C-pPhtBu prevented association of the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB with enhancer elements in the Nos2 promoter but had little effect on DNA binding of either peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) or the nuclear corepressor NCoR2. Treatment with DIM-C-pPhtBu concomitantly suppressed NO production and protein nitration in MPTP-activated astrocytes and completely protected cocultured primary striatal neurons from astrocyte-dependent apoptosis. These data demonstrate the efficacy of DIM-C-pPhtBu in preventing the activation of NF-kappaB-dependent inflammatory genes in primary astrocytes and suggest that this class of compounds may be effective neuroprotective anti-inflammatory agents in vivo. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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