Controlled Irrigation and Drainage Reduce Rainfall Runoff and Nitrogen Loss in Paddy Fields
| Autor: | Pingcang Zhang, Junzeng Xu, Yanmei Yu, Yujiang Xiong, Yan Meng |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
China
Irrigation Agricultural Irrigation controlled irrigation and drainage Nitrogen Rain Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Ditch lcsh:Medicine chemistry.chemical_element Wetland rainfall runoff 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Article Nutrient Drainage paddy field 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Hydrology geography nitrogen loss geography.geographical_feature_category lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Agriculture Oryza Phosphorus 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences chemistry 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Paddy field Surface runoff |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 18 Issue 7 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 3348, p 3348 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph18073348 |
| Popis: | In southern China, the growing period of rice is synchronized with the rainy period, and the loss of nutrients (such as nitrogen) due to unreasonable irrigation and drainage, along with rainfall and runoff, has become the main source of agricultural nonpoint source pollution. The laws of runoff and nitrogen loss in paddy fields under different irrigation and drainage modes are not clear. In this study, field experiments were adopted to observe the runoff and nitrogen loss under typical rainfall and throughout the whole growth period. The results showed that, compared with the traditional irrigation and drainage mode, the controlled irrigation and drainage mode reduced the drainage of two typical rainfall processes by 47.5% and 31.3% and the peak drainage by 38.9% and 14.4%. Compared with those under the traditional irrigation and drainage mode, the average concentrations of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen under the controlled irrigation and drainage mode were reduced by 22.2%, 22.7%, and 27.8%, respectively, during the whole rainfall process on July 21 and were decreased by 27.1%, 11.4%, and 25.6%, respectively, on August 25. In irrigated rice areas, under the controlled irrigation and drainage mode, drainage was reduced after two intercepts through paddy fields and drainage ditches. The nitrogen concentration in the drainage ditch decreased due to the increase in retention time and the effect of the ditch and field wetland. Compared with the traditional irrigation and drainage mode, the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen loads of the controlled irrigation and drainage mode were reduced by 69.8%, 65.3%, and 69.7%, respectively. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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