Hydroxymethylation-Modified Lignin and Its Effectiveness as a Filler in Rubber Composites
| Autor: | Nor Anizah Mohamad Aini, Kannika Sahakaro, M. Hazwan Hussin, Nadras Othman, Nabil Hayeemasae |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
010407 polymers
Materials science lignin Compression set Bioengineering 02 engineering and technology lcsh:Chemical technology 01 natural sciences lcsh:Chemistry chemistry.chemical_compound Polybutadiene bio-filler Rheology Natural rubber Ultimate tensile strength Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) Lignin lcsh:TP1-1185 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Composite material Kraft lignin Process Chemistry and Technology hydroxymethylation 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology rubber composite 0104 chemical sciences lcsh:QD1-999 chemistry visual_art visual_art.visual_art_medium 0210 nano-technology |
| Zdroj: | Processes Volume 7 Issue 5 Processes, Vol 7, Iss 5, p 315 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 2227-9717 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/pr7050315 |
| Popis: | Kraft lignin was modified by using hydroxymethylation to enhance the compatibility between rubber based on a blend of natural rubber/polybutadiene rubber (NR/BR) and lignin. To confirm this modification, the resultant hydroxymethylated kraft lignin (HMKL) was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It was then incorporated into rubber composites and compared with unmodified rubber. All rubber composites were investigated in terms of rheology, mechanical properties, aging, thermal properties, and morphology. The results show that the HMKL influenced the mechanical properties (tensile properties, hardness, and compression set) of NR/BR composites compared to unmodified lignin. Further evidence also revealed better dispersion and good interaction between the HMKL and the rubber matrix. Based on its performance in NR/BR composites, hydroxymethylated lignin can be used as a filler in the rubber industry. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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