Wildfires front dynamics: 3D structures and intensity at small and large scales
| Autor: | Nicolas Frangieh, Oleg Bessonov, Dominique Morvan, Gilbert Accary, Sofiane Meradji |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik (USEK), UNIMECA, Institute for Problems in Mechanics, Partenaires INRAE, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Convection
General Chemical Engineering Fire spread General Physics and Astronomy Energy Engineering and Power Technology 02 engineering and technology 01 natural sciences [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph] Physics::Fluid Dynamics symbols.namesake Physics-based model Grassland fire 020401 chemical engineering 0103 physical sciences Radiative transfer Froude number Wind-tunnel fire 0204 chemical engineering Front dynamics 010304 chemical physics Turbulence Front (oceanography) General Chemistry Mechanics Fuel Technology 13. Climate action symbols Environmental science Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations Intensity (heat transfer) Large eddy simulation |
| Zdroj: | Combustion and Flame Combustion and Flame, Elsevier, 2020, 211, pp.54-67. ⟨10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.09.017⟩ Combustion and Flame, 2020, 211, pp.54-67. ⟨10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.09.017⟩ |
| ISSN: | 0010-2180 |
| Popis: | The 3D structure of a fire front propagating through a homogeneous porous solid-fuel layer was studied numerically at laboratory and field scales. At laboratory scale, wind-tunnel fires propagating through laser-cut cardboard fuel were numerically reproduced, while at field scale, simulations of grassland fires with quasi-infinite fire front were carried out for different wind speeds. These simulations were performed using FIRESTAR3D, based on a multiphase formulation that includes the main physical phenomena governing fire behavior. An unsteady RANS approach and a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach were used to simulate the reactive turbulent flow, whereas turbulent combustion was modeled using Eddy Dissipation Concept (EDC). Unlike other 3D wildfire tools available in the community, such as FIRETEC and WFDS, the model is based on an implicit, low-Mach number resolution of the governing equations, and makes no empirical assumptions in the resolution of the radiative transfer equation. The comparison with the experimental data concerned mainly the Rate of Spread (ROS) of fire, the fireline intensity, the flame-zone depth, and the wavelength characterizing the crest-and-trough structure of the fire front along the transverse direction. Particular attention was drawn to the similitude in the fire front dynamics between small and large scales. In order to highlight the physical mechanisms responsible for this dynamics, a dimensional analysis was carried out by introducing Byram's convection number NC based on the fireline intensity and Froude's numbers Fr based on the characteristic wavelength of the fire-front structure. The analysis shows that all the results (wind-tunnel fires and grassland fires, experimental and numerical) collapsed on a single scaling law in the form F r = N C − 2 / 3 . |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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