Analysis of Neuro‐Neuronal Synapses Using Embryonic Chick Ciliary Ganglion via Single‐Axon Tracing, Electrophysiology, and Optogenetic Techniques
| Autor: | Ryo Egawa, Hiromu Yawo |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Neurons
0303 health sciences Electroporation 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology Presynaptic Terminals Ciliary ganglion Ganglia Parasympathetic General Medicine Optogenetics Biology Synaptic Transmission Axons Electrophysiological Phenomena Synapse 03 medical and health sciences Axon tracing Electrophysiology Postsynaptic potential Synapses Animals Embryonic chick Neuroscience 030304 developmental biology |
| Zdroj: | Current Protocols in Neuroscience. 87 |
| ISSN: | 1934-8576 1934-8584 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/cpns.64 |
| Popis: | The calyx-type synapse is a giant synaptic structure in which a presynaptic terminal wraps around a postsynaptic neuron in a one-to-one manner. It has been used for decades as an experimental model system of the synapse due to its simplicity and high accessibility in physiological recording methods. In particular, the calyx of the embryonic chick ciliary ganglion (CG) has enormous potential for synapse science because more flexible genetic manipulations are available compared with other synapses. Here, we describe methods to study presynaptic morphology, physiology, and development using CGs and cutting-edge molecular tools. We outline step-by-step protocols for presynaptic gene manipulation using in ovo electroporation, preparation of isolated CGs, 3-D imaging for single-axon tracing in transparent CGs, electrophysiology of the presynaptic terminal, and an all-optical approach using optogenetic molecular reagents. These methods will facilitate studies of the synapse and neuronal circuits in the future. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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