Risk factors for cryptosporidiosis among children in a semi urban slum in southern India: a nested case-control study
| Autor: | Ashok D. Prabakaran, Rajiv Sarkar, Elena N. Naumova, Vinohar Balraj, Nithya Jayavelu, Sitara Rao Ajjampur, Mark Francis, Jayaprakash Muliyil, Honorine D. Ward, Deepthi Kattula, Gagandeep Kang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty Sanitation Urban Population Cryptosporidiosis India Asymptomatic Virology Environmental health medicine Humans Child Poverty Toilet business.industry Case-control study Odds ratio Articles Infectious Diseases Case-Control Studies Nested case-control study Parasitology medicine.symptom business Slum |
| Zdroj: | The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 91(6) |
| ISSN: | 1476-1645 |
| Popis: | The risk factors for acquisition of cryptosporidial infection in resource-poor settings are poorly understood. A nested case-control study was conducted to assess factors associated with childhood cryptosporidiosis (detected by stool polymerase chain reaction) in an endemic, Indian slum community using data from two community-based studies with 580 children followed prospectively until their second birthday. Factors were assessed for overall cryptosporidiosis (N = 406), and for multiple (N = 208), asymptomatic (N = 243), and symptomatic (N = 163) infections, respectively. Presence of older siblings (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, P = 0.002) and stunting at 6 months of age (OR = 1.74, P = 0.019) were important risk factors for childhood cryptosporidiosis. Always boiling drinking water before consumption, the use of a toilet by all members of the family, and maternal age ≥ 23 years were protective. These results provide insights into acquisition of childhood cryptosporidiosis in settings with poor environmental sanitation, contaminated public water supply systems, and close human-animal contact. Disease control strategies will require a multifaceted approach. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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