Human aflatoxin exposure in Kenya, 2007: a cross-sectional study
| Autor: | Michael E. Rybak, Lauren Lewis, Mamo Umuro Abudo, Robert F. Breiman, Rebecca Bunnell, Ellen E. Yard, Johnni H. Daniel, Ekaterina M. Paliakov, Joel M. Montgomery, Shahnaaz K. Sharif, Andrea A. Kim, Willis Akhwale |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Aflatoxin
Veterinary medicine Cross-sectional study serosurvey Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Health Status Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Serum albumin Biology Toxicology medicine.disease_cause maize liver cancer Albumin adducts Aflatoxins Limit of Detection Environmental health medicine Humans heterocyclic compounds General Environmental Science business.industry Liver failure technology industry and agriculture Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Outbreak food and beverages aflatoxin General Chemistry General Medicine Environmental exposure Environmental Exposure medicine.disease Kenya biological factors Biotechnology Cross-Sectional Studies biology.protein General Earth and Planetary Sciences epidemiology Liver cancer business Food Science Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment |
| ISSN: | 1944-0057 |
| Popis: | Aflatoxins contaminate approximately 25% of agricultural products worldwide. They can cause liver failure and liver cancer. Kenya has experienced multiple aflatoxicosis outbreaks in recent years, often resulting in fatalities. However, the full extent of aflatoxin exposure in Kenya has been unknown. Our objective was to quantify aflatoxin exposure across Kenya. We analysed aflatoxin levels in serum specimens from the 2007 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey – a nationally representative, cross-sectional serosurvey. KAIS collected 15,853 blood specimens. Of the 3180 human immunodeficiency virus-negative specimens with ≥1 mL sera, we randomly selected 600 specimens stratified by province and sex. We analysed serum specimens for aflatoxin albumin adducts by using isotope dilution MS/MS to quantify aflatoxin B1-lysine, and normalised with serum albumin. Aflatoxin concentrations were then compared by demographic, socioeconomic and geographic characteristics. We detected serum aflatoxin B1-lysine in 78% of serum specimens (range = |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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