Genetic Instability of Heterozygous, Hybrid, Natural Wine Yeasts
| Autor: | Jesús Ambrona, José Emilio Rebollo, Matilde Maqueda, Manuel Ramírez, Felipe Molina, Antonia Vinagre |
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| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Heterozygote
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins Saccharomyces cerevisiae Loss of Heterozygosity Wine Mycology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Evolution Molecular Loss of heterozygosity Drug Resistance Fungal Cycloheximide Crosses Genetic Hybrid Genetics Ecology biology Homozygote Heterozygote advantage biology.organism_classification Phenotype Yeast Yeast in winemaking Mutation Food Science Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 70:4686-4691 |
| ISSN: | 1098-5336 0099-2240 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/aem.70.8.4686-4691.2004 |
| Popis: | We describe a genetic instability found in natural wine yeasts but not in the common laboratory strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Spontaneous cyh2 R / cyh2 R mutants resistant to high levels of cycloheximide can be directly isolated from cyh2 S / cyh2 S wine yeasts. Heterozygous cyh2 R /cyh2 S hybrid clones vary in genetic instability as measured by loss of heterozygosity at cyh2 . There were two main classes of hybrids. The lawn hybrids have high genetic instability and generally become cyh2 R / cyh2 R homozygotes and lose the killer phenotype under nonselective conditions. The papilla hybrids have a much lower rate of loss of heterozygosity and maintain the killer phenotype. The genetic instability in lawn hybrids is 3 to 5 orders of magnitude greater than the highest loss-of-heterozygosity rates previously reported. Molecular mechanisms such as DNA repair by break-induced replication might account for the asymmetrical loss of heterozygosity. This loss-of-heterozygosity phenomenon could be economically important if it causes sudden phenotype changes in industrial or pathogenic yeasts and of more basic importance to the degree that it influences the evolution of naturally occurring yeast populations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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