The presence of anti-Tat antibodies in HIV-infected individuals is associated with containment of CD4+T-cell decay and viral load, and with delay of disease progression: results of a 3-year cohort study
| Autor: | Giuseppe Tambussi, Paolo Monini, Giovanni Paniccia, Guido Palamara, Angela Arancio, Emanuele Focà, Alessandra Latini, Massimo Di Pietro, Vito S. Mercurio, Fabrizio Ensoli, Laura Sighinolfi, Giovanni Di Perri, Antonella Tripiciano, Stefania Bellino, Orietta Picconi, Cecilia Sgadari, Andrea Gori, Cristina Mussini, Olimpia Longo, Stefano Bonora, Gioacchino Angarano, Nicoletta Ladisa, Vittorio Francavilla, Massimo Galli, Silvia Nozza, Francesco Mazzotta, Barbara Ensoli, Aurelio Cafaro, Adriano Lazzarin, Carlo Torti |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Bellino, S, Tripiciano, A, Picconi, O, Francavilla, V, Longo, O, Sgadari, C, Paniccia, G, Arancio, A, Angarano, G, Ladisa, N, Lazzarin, A, Tambussi, G, Nozza, S, Torti, C, Focà, E, Palamara, G, Latini, A, Sighinolfi, L, Mazzotta, F, Di Pietro, M, Di Perri, G, Bonora, S, Mercurio, V, Mussini, C, Gori, A, Galli, M, Monini, P, Cafaro, A, Ensoli, F, Ensoli, B |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Male Antibodie viruses HIV Infections Antibodies Viral AIDS Vaccine Virulence factor Cohort Studies chemistry.chemical_compound HIV Infection Viral load Viral Neutralizing AIDS Vaccines tat Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Viru Medicine (all) Infectious Diseases CD4-Positive T-Lymphocyte Disease Progression tat Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virus Female Antibody tat Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virus Human Adult CD4 antigen Antibodies HIV progression Tat Antibodies Neutralizing Gene Products env Genes env HIV-1 Humans Viral Load Virology Short Report Infectious Disease Biology Virus Immune system Viral entry Gene Products env CD4+ T cells Genes chemistry Immunization Immunology biology.protein Cohort Studie |
| Zdroj: | Retrovirology |
| ISSN: | 1742-4690 |
| Popis: | Background: Tat is a key HIV-1 virulence factor, which plays pivotal roles in virus gene expression, replication, transmission and disease progression. After release, extracellular Tat accumulates in tissues and exerts effects on both the virus and the immune system, promoting immune activation and virus spreading while disabling the host immune defense. In particular, Tat binds Env spikes on virus particles forming a virus entry complex, which favors infection of dendritic cells and efficient transmission to T cells via RGD-binding integrins. Tat also shields the CCR5-binding sites of Env rendering ineffective virus neutralization by anti-Env antibodies (Abs). This is reversed by the anti-Tat Abs present in natural infection or induced by vaccination.Findings: Here we present the results of a cohort study, showing that the presence of anti-Tat Abs in asymptomatic and treatment-naïve HIV-infected subjects is associated with containment of CD4+ T-cell loss and viral load and with a delay of disease progression. In fact, no subjects with high anti-Tat Ab titers initiated antiretroviral therapy during the three years of follow-up. In contrast, no significant effects were seen for anti-Env and anti-Gag Abs. The increase of anti-Env Ab titers was associated with a reduced risk of starting therapy only in the presence of anti-Tat Abs, suggesting an effect of combined anti-Tat and anti-Env Abs on the Tat/Env virus entry complex and on virus neutralization.Conclusions: Anti-Tat immunity may help delay HIV disease progression, thus, targeting Tat may offer a novel therapeutic intervention to postpone antiretroviral treatment or to increase its efficacy. © 2014 Bellino et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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