Microbial Communities across Global Marine Basins Show Important Compositional Similarities by Depth
| Autor: | Julian L. Fortney, Terry C. Hazen, John I. Miller, James A. Fordyce, Stephen M. Techtmann, Nargiz GaraJayeva, Oliver Pelz, Nagissa Mahmoudi, Dominique C. Joyner, Maarten Kuijper, Faig S. Askerov, Claudio Cravid |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Bailey, Mark J |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
oil biodegradation
Mesopelagic zone microbial communities 010501 environmental sciences Structural basin marine microbiology microbial ecology 01 natural sciences complex mixtures Microbiology Bathyal zone Environmental 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Water column Microbial ecology Virology genomics Seawater Life Below Water Phylogeny 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 0303 health sciences Bacteria Ecology Applied and Environmental Science organic chemicals Microbiota technology industry and agriculture Genetic Variation Pelagic zone QR1-502 Biodegradation Environmental Petroleum chemistry Microbial population biology Biodegradation Environmental science lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Research Article |
| Zdroj: | mBio, Vol 11, Iss 4 (2020) mBio mBio, vol 11, iss 4 |
| ISSN: | 2150-7511 |
| Popis: | Marine microbial communities are a vital component of global carbon cycling, and numerous studies have shown that populations of petroleum-degrading bacteria are ubiquitous in the oceans. Few studies have attempted to distinguish all of the taxa that might contribute to petroleum biodegradation (including, e.g., heterotrophic and nondesignated microbes that respond positively to petroleum and microbes that grow on petroleum as the sole carbon source). This study quantifies the subpopulations of microorganisms that are expected to be involved in petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation, which is important information during the decision-making process in the event of a petroleum spill accident. The environmental surveys following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) spill identified a variety of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms, and laboratory studies with field-collected water samples then demonstrated faster-than-expected hydrocarbon biodegradation rates at 5°C. Knowledge about microbial community composition, diversity, and functional metabolic capabilities aids in understanding and predicting petroleum biodegradation by microbial communities in situ and is therefore an important component of the petroleum spill response decision-making process. This study investigates the taxonomic composition of microbial communities in six different global basins where petroleum and gas activities occur. Shallow-water communities were strikingly similar across basins, while deep-water communities tended to show subclusters by basin, with communities from the epipelagic, mesopelagic, and bathypelagic zones sometimes appearing within the same cluster. Microbial taxa that were enriched in the water column in the Gulf of Mexico following the DWH spill were found across marine basins. Several hydrocarbon-degrading genera (e.g., Actinobacteria, Pseudomonas, and Rhodobacteriacea) were common across all basins. Other genera such as Pseudoalteromonas and Oleibacter were highly enriched in specific basins. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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