Economic and social consequences of human mobility restrictions under COVID-19
| Autor: | Giovanni Bonaccorsi, Fabio Pammolli, Ana Lucia Schmidt, Francesco Pierri, Walter Quattrociocchi, Alessandro Galeazzi, Antonio Scala, Matteo Cinelli, Andrea Flori, Carlo Michele Valensise, Francesco Porcelli |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Human mobility
Inequality Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) media_common.quotation_subject Pneumonia Viral Social Sciences Economic Sciences COVID-19 Economic segregation National lockdown Coronavirus Infections Humans Italy Pandemics Quarantine Socioeconomic Factors Travel 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Development economics Per capita Revenue 030212 general & internal medicine Viral Natural disaster 030304 developmental biology media_common 0303 health sciences Multidisciplinary Poverty Settore INF/01 - Informatica Physics Pneumonia economic segregation human mobility national lockdown Physical Sciences Social consequence Business Segregation effect |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Online) (2020). doi:10.1073/pnas.2007658117 info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Bonaccorsi G.; Pierri F.; Cinelli M.; Flori A.; Galeazzi A.; Porcelli F.; Schmidt A.L.; Valensise C.M.; Scala A.; Quattrociocchi W.; Pammolli F./titolo:Economic and social consequences of human mobility restrictions under COVID-19/doi:10.1073%2Fpnas.2007658117/rivista:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Online)/anno:2020/pagina_da:/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:/volume Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2007658117 |
| Popis: | Significance This paper presents a large-scale analysis of the impact of lockdown measures introduced in response to the spread of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on socioeconomic conditions of Italian citizens. We leverage a massive near–real-time dataset of human mobility and we model mobility restrictions as an exogenous shock to the economy, similar to a natural disaster. We find that lockdown measures have a twofold effect: First, their impact on mobility is stronger in municipalities with higher fiscal capacity; second, they induce a segregation effect: mobility contraction is stronger in municipalities where inequality is higher and income per capita is lower. We highlight the necessity of fiscal measures that account for these effects, targeting poverty and inequality mitigation. In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several national governments have applied lockdown restrictions to reduce the infection rate. Here we perform a massive analysis on near–real-time Italian mobility data provided by Facebook to investigate how lockdown strategies affect economic conditions of individuals and local governments. We model the change in mobility as an exogenous shock similar to a natural disaster. We identify two ways through which mobility restrictions affect Italian citizens. First, we find that the impact of lockdown is stronger in municipalities with higher fiscal capacity. Second, we find evidence of a segregation effect, since mobility contraction is stronger in municipalities in which inequality is higher and for those where individuals have lower income per capita. Our results highlight both the social costs of lockdown and a challenge of unprecedented intensity: On the one hand, the crisis is inducing a sharp reduction of fiscal revenues for both national and local governments; on the other hand, a significant fiscal effort is needed to sustain the most fragile individuals and to mitigate the increase in poverty and inequality induced by the lockdown. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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