Synucleins and Gene Expression: Ramblers in a Crowd or Cops Regulating Traffic?
| Autor: | Alexei Surguchev, Andrei Surguchov |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
animal diseases Review Biology Synaptic vesicle epigenetic regulation lcsh:RC321-571 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine synucleins transcription factors translation factors Gene expression Synuclein Family Epigenetics lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Molecular Biology Gene Transcription factor Genetics DNA methylation histone modifications neurodegeneration nervous system diseases 030104 developmental biology Histone nervous system gene expression Synuclein biology.protein 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Vol 10 (2017) Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| ISSN: | 1662-5099 |
| Popis: | Synuclein family consists of three members, alpha, beta and gamma-synuclein which are thoroughly investigated for almost 30 years, because of their involvement in human diseases. Since the first synuclein discovery in the brain of the electric ray Torpedo californica, members of this family have been identified in all vertebrates, and comparative studies have indicated that synucleins are evolutionary conserved. They are small naturally unfolded proteins prone to aggregate, easily change their conformation and bind to membranes. The genes for alpha, beta and gamma-synuclein have different chromosomal localization and have a well preserved general organization composed of five coding exons of similar size. Three genes encoding synucleins are present in the majority of vertebrates, however, a variable number of synuclein genes are described in fishes of different species. The biggest question in the field is regarding their normal physiological function in cells and tissues. alpha-Synuclein is implicated in the regulation of synaptic activity through regulation of synaptic vesicle release, while the physiological functions of two other members of the family is less clear. Here we discuss recent results describing their role in the regulation of protein expression. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|