Endotoxin‐induced cerebral pathophysiology: differences between fetus and newborn
| Autor: | Susan Y. S. Feng, David James Phillips, Victor Y H Yu, Thilini Samarasinghe, Jacob Harvey Hollis, Shripada Rao, Adrian M. Walker |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Central Nervous System
Lipopolysaccharides Male medicine.medical_specialty endotoxin Physiology injury medicine.medical_treatment Immunology 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Physiology Cardiovascular Physiology Neurological Conditions Disorders and Treatments 03 medical and health sciences Cerebral circulation 0302 clinical medicine newborn Physiology (medical) Internal medicine medicine Animals Saline Nitrites Original Research Fetus Nitrates Sheep business.industry Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Macrophages Brain Pathophysiology Vasodilation fetus Fetal Diseases Endocrinology Cerebral blood flow Vasoconstriction Cerebrovascular Circulation Circulatory system Encephalitis Tumor necrosis factor alpha Female medicine.symptom business Toxins Pollutants and Chemical Agents 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Physiological Reports |
| ISSN: | 2051-817X |
| Popis: | As the comparative pathophysiology of perinatal infection in the fetus and newborn is uncertain, this study contrasted the cerebral effects of endotoxemia in conscious fetal sheep and newborn lambs. Responses to intravenous bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) or normal saline were studied on three consecutive days in fetal sheep (LPS 1 μg/kg, n = 5; normal saline n = 5) and newborn lambs (LPS 2 μg/kg, n = 10; normal saline n = 5). Cerebro‐vascular function was assessed by monitoring cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) over 12 h each day, and inflammatory responses were assessed by plasma TNF alpha (TNF‐α), nitrate and nitrite concentrations. Brain injury was quantified by counting both resting and active macrophages in the caudate nucleus and periventricular white matter (PVWM). An acute cerebral vasoconstriction (within 1 h of LPS injection) occurred in both the fetus (ΔCVR +53%) and newborn (ΔCVR +63%); subsequently prolonged cerebral vasodilatation occurred in the fetus (ΔCVR −33%) in association with double plasma nitrate/nitrite concentrations, but not in the newborn. Abundant infiltration of activated macrophages was observed in both CN and PVWM at each age, with the extent being 2–3 times greater in the fetus (P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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