Individualised nutritional support in medical inpatients at nutritional risk: a randomised clinical trial
| Autor: | Christoph Henzen, Carmen Benz, Rebecca Fehr, Jonas Rutishauser, Philipp Schuetz, Thomas Bregenzer, Valerie Baechli, Claus Hoess, Manuela Deiss, Nina Braun, Filomena Gomes, Pascal Tribolet, Michael Brändle, Robert Thomann, Jacques Donzé, Sarah Schmid, Silvia Mattmann, Alexander Kutz, Stefan Bilz, Beat Mueller, Vojtech Pavlicek, Sarah Sigrist, Martina Geiser, Claudia Brand, Drahomir Aujesky, Nicolas Rodondi, Zeno Stanga |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Comorbidity 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Risk Assessment law.invention 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Randomized controlled trial law Intensive care Patient-Centered Care Outcome Assessment Health Care medicine Clinical endpoint Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Medical nutrition therapy 610 Medicine & health Aged Aged 80 and over business.industry Nutritional Support Malnutrition General Medicine Odds ratio Middle Aged medicine.disease Clinical trial Hospitalization Emergency medicine Acute Disease Chronic Disease Practice Guidelines as Topic Female Risk assessment business Energy Intake 360 Social problems & social services |
| Zdroj: | Lancet (London, England). 393(10188) |
| ISSN: | 1474-547X |
| Popis: | Summary Background Guidelines recommend the use of nutritional support during hospital stays for medical patients (patients not critically ill and not undergoing surgical procedures) at risk of malnutrition. However, the supporting evidence for this recommendation is insufficient, and there is growing concern about the possible negative effects of nutritional therapy during acute illness on recovery and clinical outcomes. Our aim was thus to test the hypothesis that protocol-guided individualised nutritional support to reach protein and caloric goals reduces the risk of adverse clinical outcomes in medical inpatients at nutritional risk. Methods The Effect of early nutritional support on Frailty, Functional Outcomes, and Recovery of malnourished medical inpatients Trial (EFFORT) is a pragmatic, investigator-initiated, open-label, multicentre study. We recruited medical patients at nutritional risk (nutritional risk screening 2002 [NRS 2002] score ≥3 points) and with an expected length of hospital stay of more than 4 days from eight Swiss hospitals. These participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either protocol-guided individualised nutritional support to reach protein and caloric goals (intervention group) or standard hospital food (control group). Randomisation was done with variable block sizes and stratification according to study site and severity of malnutrition using an interactive web-response system. In the intervention group, individualised nutritional support goals were defined by specialist dietitians and nutritional support was initiated no later than 48 h after admission. Patients in the control group received no dietary consultation. The composite primary endpoint was any adverse clinical outcome defined as all-cause mortality, admission to intensive care, non-elective hospital readmission, major complications, and decline in functional status at 30 days, and it was measured in all randomised patients who completed the trial. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT02517476 . Findings 5015 patients were screened, and 2088 were recruited and monitored between April 1, 2014, and Feb 28, 2018. 1050 patients were assigned to the intervention group and 1038 to the control group. 60 patients withdrew consent during the course of the trial (35 in the intervention group and 25 in the control group). During the hospital stay, caloric goals were reached in 800 (79%) and protein goals in 770 (76%) of 1015 patients in the intervention group. By 30 days, 232 (23%) patients in the intervention group experienced an adverse clinical outcome, compared with 272 (27%) of 1013 patients in the control group (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0·79 [95% CI 0·64–0·97], p=0·023). By day 30, 73 [7%] patients had died in the intervention group compared with 100 [10%] patients in the control group (adjusted OR 0·65 [0·47–0·91], p=0·011). There was no difference in the proportion of patients who experienced side-effects from nutritional support between the intervention and the control group (162 [16%] vs 145 [14%], adjusted OR 1·16 [0·90–1·51], p=0·26). Interpretation In medical inpatients at nutritional risk, the use of individualised nutritional support during the hospital stay improved important clinical outcomes, including survival, compared with standard hospital food. These findings strongly support the concept of systematically screening medical inpatients on hospital admission regarding nutritional risk, independent of their medical condition, followed by a nutritional assessment and introduction of individualised nutritional support in patients at risk. Funding The Swiss National Science Foundation and the Research Council of the Kantonsspital Aarau, Switzerland. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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