EFFECTS AND SIDE EFFECTS OF DRO AS TREATMENT FOR SELF-INJURIOUS BEHAVIOR
| Autor: | Gary M. Pace, Glynnis Edwards Cowdery, Brian A. Iwata |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1990 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Token Economy medicine.medical_specialty Reinforcement Schedule Sociology and Political Science Injury control Poison control Audiology Generalization Psychological Behavior Therapy Intellectual Disability medicine Humans Child Reinforcement Applied Psychology Crying Scratching Differential reinforcement Hospitalization Philosophy Token economy Self Mutilation medicine.symptom Psychology Functional analysis (psychology) Research Article Follow-Up Studies Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. 23:497-506 |
| ISSN: | 1938-3703 0021-8855 |
| DOI: | 10.1901/jaba.1990.23-497 |
| Popis: | A three-part controlled case study is presented in which severe and longstanding self-injurious behavior exhibited by a 9-year-old-boy was treated successfully with differential reinforcement of other behavior. In Phase 1, an experimental analysis demonstrated that the boy's scratching was not maintained by environmental contingencies; instead, it appeared that the self-injurious behavior was a stereotypic (automatically reinforced) response. In Phase 2, the effects of an escalating differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior schedule mediated through token reinforcement (pennies) were evaluated in a reversal design. Results showed that differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior eliminated self-injurious behavior very quickly and for periods of time as long as 30 min. A noteworthy side effect observed during Phase 2 was the occurrence of crying behavior following the nondelivery of reinforcement. In Phase 3, the token program was gradually extended in 30-min increments throughout the day. Additionally, results of a brief multielement manipulation showed that the effects of token reinforcement were superior to those of a more easily administered differential reinforcement of other behavior based on social reinforcement, which differed little from baseline. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Plný text