Park availability and major depression in individuals with chronic conditions: Is there an association in urban India?

Autor: Mohammed K. Ali, Vamadevan S. Ajay, Shivani A. Patel, S Safraj, K.M.V. Narayan, Roopa Shivashankar, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Nikhil Tandon, Gitanjali Narayanan, Debarati Mukherjee, Mohammad Tayyab
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Gerontology
Male
Chronic condition
Mediation (statistics)
Health (social science)
Urban Population
Parks
Recreational
Geography
Planning and Development
India
Walking
010501 environmental sciences
Logistic regression
01 natural sciences
Article
Odds
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Residence Characteristics
Urbanization
11. Sustainability
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Depression (differential diagnoses)
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview
Depressive Disorder
Major
1. No poverty
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Middle Aged
Mental health
3. Good health
Geography
Cross-Sectional Studies
Chronic Disease
Geographic Information Systems
Environment Design
Female
human activities
Stress
Psychological
Demography
ISSN: 1353-8292
Popis: Green space exposure has been positively correlated with better mental-health indicators in several high income countries, but has not been examined in low- and middle-income countries undergoing rapid urbanization. Building on a study of mental health in adults with a pre-existing chronic condition, we examined the association between park availability and major depression among 1208 adults surveyed in Delhi, India. Major depression was measured using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The ArcGIS platform was used to quantify park availability indexed as (i) park distance from households, (ii) area of the nearest park; and within one km buffer area around households - the (iii) number and (iv) total area of all parks. Mixed-effects logistic regression models adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics indicated that relative to residents exposed to the largest nearest park areas (tertile 3), the odds [95% confidence interval] of major depression was 3.1 [1.4-7.0] times higher among residents exposed to the smallest nearest park areas (tertile 1) and 2.1 [0.9-4.8] times higher in residents with mid-level exposure (tertile 2). There was no statistically significant association between other park variables tested and major depression. We hypothesized that physical activity in the form of walking, perceived stress levels and satisfaction with the neighbourhood environment may have mediating effects on the association between nearest park area and major depression. We found no significant mediation effects for any of our hypothesized variables. In conclusion, our results provide preliminary and novel evidence from India that availability of large parks in the immediate neighborhood positively impacts mental well-being of individuals with pre-existing chronic conditions, at the opportune time when India is embarking on the development of sustainable cities that aim to promote health through smart urban design – one of the key elements of which is the inclusion of urban green spaces.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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