The Genetic Legacy of the Indian Ocean Slave Trade: Recent Admixture and Post-admixture Selection in the Makranis of Pakistan
| Autor: | Lluis Quintana-Murci, Chris Tyler-Smith, Qasim Ayub, Christine Harmant, Nora Zidane, Etienne Patin, Hélène Quach, Qasim Syed Mehdi, Romuald Laso-Jadart |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation [Karachi City, Sindh, Pakistan] (SIUT), This work was supported by the Institut Pasteur, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, and Agence Nationale de la Recherche grants IEIHSEER (ANR-14-CE14-0008-02), TBPATHGEN (ANR-14-CE14-0007-02), and AGRHUM (ANR-14-CE02-0003-01). C.T.S. and Q.A. were supported by the Wellcome Trust (098051)., We thank all participants who kindly accepted to provide blood samples. We thank Laure Lémée and the Eukaryote Genotyping platform (Biomics pole) from the Institut Pasteur for generating the SNP genotype raw data., ANR-14-CE14-0007,TBPATHGEN,Dissection de la pathogenèse de la tuberculose par l'identification de défauts monogéniques de l'immunité dans les formes pédiatriques sévères de la maladie(2014), ANR-14-CE14-0008,IEIHSEER,L'encéphalite Herpétique de l'enfant résulte de déficits héréditaires d'immunité contre l'HSV-1: une exception ou une règle?(2014), ANR-14-CE02-0003,AGRHUM,Etude de l'adaptation génétique aux changements environnementaux rapides : l'agriculture et le modèle humain(2014), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Population Dynamics MESH: Indian Ocean Population genetics South Asia Diaspora 0302 clinical medicine Gene Frequency Pakistan MESH: Plasmodium vivax/immunology Indian Ocean slave trade Genetics (clinical) media_common Swahili education.field_of_study Natural selection Plasmodium vivax malaria Empire Genealogy Geography MESH: Pakistan/epidemiology Endogamy MESH: Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics language MESH: Quantitative Trait Heritable admixture MESH: African Continental Ancestry Group/genetics media_common.quotation_subject Population DARC MESH: Genetic Variation/genetics Black People MESH: Genetics Population Enslaved Persons African diaspora MESH: Population Dynamics Duffy blood group 03 medical and health sciences Quantitative Trait Heritable Asian People Report parasitic diseases Genetics Malaria Vivax MESH: Gene Frequency Humans FY education MESH: Humans [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] post-admixture selection Genetic Variation population genetics MESH: Duffy Blood-Group System/genetics language.human_language MESH: Enslaved Persons Lactase persistence 030104 developmental biology Genetics Population [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics MESH: Malaria Vivax/immunology Duffy Blood-Group System Plasmodium vivax 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Human Genetics American Journal of Human Genetics, 2017, 101 (6), pp.977-984. ⟨10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.09.025⟩ American Journal of Human Genetics, Elsevier (Cell Press), 2017, 101 (6), pp.977-984. ⟨10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.09.025⟩ |
| ISSN: | 0002-9297 1537-6605 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.09.025⟩ |
| Popis: | International audience; From the eighth century onward, the Indian Ocean was the scene of extensive trade of sub-Saharan African slaves via sea routes controlled by Muslim Arab and Swahili traders. Several populations in present-day Pakistan and India are thought to be the descendants of such slaves, yet their history of admixture and natural selection remains largely undefined. Here, we studied the genome-wide diversity of the African-descent Makranis, who reside on the Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan, as well that of four neighboring Pakistani populations , to investigate the genetic legacy, population dynamics, and tempo of the Indian Ocean slave trade. We show that the Makranis are the result of an admixture event between local Baluch tribes and Bantu-speaking populations from eastern or southeastern Africa; we dated this event to $300 years ago during the Omani Empire domination. Levels of parental relatedness, measured through runs of ho-mozygosity, were found to be similar across Pakistani populations, suggesting that the Makranis rapidly adopted the traditional practice of endogamous marriages. Finally, we searched for signatures of post-admixture selection at traits evolving under positive selection, including skin color, lactase persistence, and resistance to malaria. We demonstrate that the African-specific Duffy-null blood group-believed to confer resistance against Plasmodium vivax infection-was recently introduced to Pakistan through the slave trade and evolved adaptively in this P. vivax malaria-endemic region. Our study reconstructs the genetic and adaptive history of a neglected episode of the African Diaspora and illustrates the impact of recent admixture on the diffusion of adaptive traits across human populations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|