Occurrence, identification and removal of microplastic particles and fibers in conventional activated sludge process and advanced MBR technology
| Autor: | Mika Sillanpää, Mirka Lares, Markus Sillanpää, Mohamed Chaker Ncibi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Microplastics
Environmental Engineering 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ta1172 Fraction (chemistry) 010501 environmental sciences Membrane bioreactor Waste Disposal Fluid 01 natural sciences Bioreactors Waste Management and Disposal Effluent ta218 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering Sewage Ecological Modeling Membranes Artificial Pulp and paper industry Pollution Activated sludge Wastewater Scientific method Environmental science Sewage treatment Plastics Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Water Research. 133:236-246 |
| ISSN: | 0043-1354 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.049 |
| Popis: | Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are acting as routes of microplastics (MPs) to the environment, hence the urgent need to examine MPs in wastewaters and different types of sludge through sampling campaigns covering extended periods of time. In this study, the efficiency of a municipal WWTP to remove MPs from wastewater was studied by collecting wastewater and sludge samples once in every two weeks during a 3-month sampling campaign. The WWTP was operated based on the conventional activated sludge (CAS) process and a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR). The microplastic particles and fibers from both water and sludge samples were identified by using an optical microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) microscope and Raman microscope. Overall, the retention capacity of microplastics in the studied WWTP was found to be 98.3%. Most of the MP fraction was removed before the activated sludge process. The efficiency of an advanced membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology was also examined. The main related finding is that MBR permeate contained 0.4 MP/L in comparison with the final effluent of the CAS process (1.0 MP/L). According to this study, both microplastic fibers and particles are discharged from the WWTP to the aquatic environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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