Gut microbiome profiling and colorectal cancer in African Americans and Caucasian Americans
| Autor: | Pratima Nangia-Makker, Adhip P.N. Majumdar, Edi Levi, Fadi Antaki, Hamidah Mahmud, Yingjie Yu, Farhan Murshed, Lulu Farhana, Stephanie Judd |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Colorectal cancer digestive system Human gut 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Microbiome African Americans biology Fusobacterium nucleatum business.industry digestive oral and skin physiology Basic Study medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Gut microbiome 3. Good health 16S RNA profiling 030104 developmental biology Metagenomics 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Immunology business |
| Zdroj: | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology |
| ISSN: | 2150-5330 |
| Popis: | AIM To determine whether and to what extent the gut microbiome is involved in regulating racial disparity in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS All patients were recruited and experiments were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations by the Institutional Review Boards (IRB), committees of the John D. Dingell VAMC and Wayne State University guidelines. African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) patients were scheduled for an outpatient screening for colonoscopy, and no active malignancy volunteer patients were doubly consented, initially by the gastroenterologist and later by the study coordinator, for participation in the study. The gut microbial communities in colonic effluents from AAs and CAs were examined using 16sRNA profiling, and bacterial identifications were validated by performing SYBR-based Real Time PCR. For metagenomic analysis to characterize the microbial communities, multiple software/tools were used, including Metastats and R statistical software. RESULTS It is generally accepted that the incidence and mortality of CRC is higher in AAs than in CAs. However, the reason for this disparity is not well understood. We hypothesize that the gut microbiome plays a role in regulating this disparity. Indeed, we found significant differences in species richness and diversity between AAs and CAs. Bacteroidetes was more abundant in AAs than in CAs. In particular, the pro-inflammatory bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Enterobacter species were significantly higher in AAs, whereas probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium were higher in CAs. The polyphyletic Clostridia class showed a divergent pattern, with Clostridium XI elevated in AAs, and Clostridium IV, known for its beneficial function, higher in CAs. Lastly, the AA group had decreased microbial diversity overall in comparison to the CA group. In summary, there were significant differences in pro-inflammatory bacteria and microbial diversity between AA and CA, which may help explain the CRC disparity between groups. CONCLUSION Our current investigation, for the first time, demonstrates microbial dysbiosis between AAs and CAs, which could contribute to the racial disparity of CRC. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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