Update on the olfactory receptor (OR) gene superfamily
| Autor: | Doron Lancet, Daniel W. Nebert, Tsviya Olender |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
lcsh:QH426-470
Pseudogene Genome Update lcsh:Medicine Biology Y chromosome Ligands Receptors Odorant CYP gene superfamily 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine platypus genome Drug Discovery Gene cluster allelic exclusion Genetics medicine Gene family Animals Humans OR gene superfamily Molecular Biology Gene 030304 developmental biology nasal olfactory neurone 0303 health sciences Olfactory receptor Autosome classification of gene families and subfamilies olfactory receptor gene superfamily lcsh:R Computational Biology Allelic exclusion lcsh:Genetics medicine.anatomical_structure Multigene Family Molecular Medicine 030217 neurology & neurosurgery opossum genome olfaction |
| Zdroj: | Human Genomics Human Genomics, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 87-97 (2008) |
| ISSN: | 1479-7364 1473-9542 |
| Popis: | The olfactory receptor gene (OR) superfamily is the largest in the human genome. The superfamily contains 390 putatively functional genes and 465 pseudogenes arranged into 18 gene families and 300 subfamilies. Even members within the same subfamily are often located on different chromosomes. OR genes are located on all autosomes except chromosome 20, plus the X chromosome but not the Y chromosome. The gene:pseudogene ratio is lowest in human, higher in chimpanzee and highest in rat and mouse -- most likely reflecting the greater need of olfaction for survival in the rodent than in the human. The OR genes undergo allelic exclusion, each sensory neurone expressing usually only one odourant receptor allele; the mechanism by which this phenomenon is regulated is not yet understood. The nomenclature system (based on evolutionary divergence of genes into families and subfamilies of the OR gene superfamily) has been designed similarly to that originally used for the CYP gene superfamily. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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