The organ-specific nitric oxide synthase activity in the interaction with sympathetic nerve activity: a hypothesis
| Autor: | S Liskova |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Sympathetic Nervous System Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III Physiology Blood Pressure Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Kidney Nitric Oxide Nitric oxide 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Enos Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Neurotransmitter reproductive and urinary physiology Denervation biology Brain General Medicine Rostral ventrolateral medulla musculoskeletal system medicine.disease biology.organism_classification body regions Nitric oxide synthase Endocrinology nervous system chemistry Pathophysiology of hypertension Hypertension cardiovascular system biology.protein Minireview Brainstem 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Physiol Res |
| ISSN: | 1802-9973 0862-8408 |
| DOI: | 10.33549/physiolres.934676 |
| Popis: | The sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) is augmented in hypertension. SNA is regulated by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei (PVN) and/or brainstem rostral ventrolateral medulla. High nNOS or eNOS activity within these brain regions lowers the SNA, whereas low cerebral nNOS and/or eNOS activity causes SNA augmentation. We hypothesize that the decreased cerebral nNOS/eNOS activity, which allows the enhancement of SNA, leads to the augmentation of renal eNOS/nNOS activity. Similarly, when the cerebral nNOS/eNOS activity is increased and SNA is suppressed, the renal eNOS/nNOS activity is suppressed as well. The activation of endothelial α2-adrenoceptors, may be a possible mechanism involved in the proposed regulation. Another possible mechanism might be based on nitric oxide, which acts as a neurotransmitter that tonically activates afferent renal nerves, leading to a decreased nNOS activity in PVN. Furthermore, the importance of the renal nNOS/eNOS activity during renal denervation is discussed. In conclusion, the presented hypothesis describes the dual organ-specific role of eNOS/nNOS activity in blood pressure regulation and suggests possible connection between cerebral NOS and renal NOS via activation or inhibition of SNA, which is an innovative idea in the concept of pathophysiology of hypertension. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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