Polyphenols and obesity prevention: critical insights on molecular regulation, bioavailability and dose in preclinical and clinical settings
Autor: | De Santis Stefania, M Cariello, Maria Lisa Clodoveo, Maria Felicia Faienza, Filomena Corbo, Carlo Franchini, Gabriele D'Amato |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
030309 nutrition & dietetics Biological Availability Clinical settings Bioinformatics Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering 03 medical and health sciences Nutrigenomics 0404 agricultural biotechnology Humans Medicine Obesity Child Obesity prevention 0303 health sciences business.industry Public health Polyphenols 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine medicine.disease 040401 food science Diet Bioavailability Etiology business Food Science |
Zdroj: | Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 61:1804-1826 |
ISSN: | 1549-7852 1040-8398 |
Popis: | Obesity represents one of the most important public health challenges of the 21st century and is characterized by a multifactorial etiology in which environmental, behavioral, metabolic, and genetic factors work together. Despite the rapid increase in prevalence of obesity in the last decades, especially in children, it remains a preventable disease. To battle obesity a multisector approach promoting healthier lifestyle in terms of physical activity and nutrition is needed. Specifically, biologically active dietary compounds, as polyphenols, are able to modulate the expression of genes involved in the development and progression of obesity and its comorbidities as demonstrated by multiple studies using different obesity models. However, human studies focusing on the transcriptomic modulation by polyphenols in obese patients are still limited and do not often recapitulate the results obtained in preclinical setting likely due to the underestimation of some variables such as bioavailability, dose and form (native vs. metabolized) of polyphenols used. The aim of this review is to summarize the state-of-art of nutrigenomic in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo studies as well as clinical trials based on dietary polyphenols to fight obesity. We also critical discuss the variables to be considered to fill the gap between preclinical and clinical settings. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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