Intraspecific competition counters the effects of elevated and optimal temperatures on phloem-feeding insects in tropical and temperate rice
| Autor: | Maria Liberty P. Almazan, Arriza Arida, Goli Ardestani, Finbarr G. Horgan |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Life Cycles Hot Temperature Physiology Eggs Oviposition Density Plant Science Global Warming 01 natural sciences Reproductive Physiology Materials Physics Tropical climate Body Size Multidisciplinary Ecology biology Physics Eukaryota Plants Trophic Interactions Experimental Organism Systems Community Ecology Physical Sciences Medicine Female Brown planthopper Research Article Crops Agricultural Nymph Asia Science Materials Science Material Properties Phloem Research and Analysis Methods Intraspecific competition Hemiptera Planthopper Plant and Algal Models Plant-Animal Interactions Temperate climate Animals Grasses Herbivory Tropical Climate Herbivore Plant Ecology Ecology and Environmental Sciences Voltinism Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Plant-Herbivore Interactions Oryza biology.organism_classification Nymphs 010602 entomology Agronomy Seedlings Animal Studies Rice Genetic Fitness Animal Distribution Developmental Biology 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 10, p e0240130 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0240130 |
| Popis: | The direct effects of rising global temperatures on insect herbivores could increase damage to cereal crops. However, the indirect effects of interactions between herbivores and their biotic environment at the same temperatures will potentially counter such direct effects. This study examines the potential for intraspecific competition to dampen the effects of optimal temperatures on fitness (survival × reproduction) of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens [BPH] and whitebacked planthopper, Sogatella furcifera [WBPH], two phloem-feeders that attack rice in Asia. We conducted a series of experiments with increasing densities of ovipositing females and developing nymphs on tropical and temperate rice varieties at 25, 30 and 35°C. Damage from planthoppers to the tropical variety was greater at 30°C compared to 25°C, despite faster plant growth rates at 30°C. Damage to the temperate variety from WBPH nymphs was greatest at 25°C. BPH nymphs gained greater biomass at 25°C than at 30°C despite faster development at the higher temperature (temperature-size rule); however, the effect was apparent only at high nymph densities. WBPH survival, development rates and nymph weights all declined at ≥ 30°C. At about the optimal temperature for WBPH (25°C), intraspecific crowding reduced nymph weights. Temperature has little effect on oviposition responses to density, and intraspecific competition between females only weakly counters the effects of optimal temperatures on oviposition in both BPH and WBPH. Meanwhile, the deleterious effects of nymph crowding will counter the direct effects of optimal temperatures on voltinism in BPH and on body size in both BPH and WBPH. The negative effects of crowding on BPH nymphs may be decoupled from resource use at higher temperatures. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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