The biology and genetics of curly hair
| Autor: | Martin R. Green, Gillian E. Westgate, Rebecca S. Ginger |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Biocompatible Materials Dermatology Biology Biochemistry Inner root sheath COPPER TRANSPORTER PROTEIN CUTC South Africa 03 medical and health sciences Intermediate Filament Proteins Keratin medicine Humans Protein Precursors Molecular Biology Cell Proliferation chemistry.chemical_classification Long axis Polymorphism Genetic integumentary system Trichohyalin Hair follicle Curly hair 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Evolutionary biology Keratins sense organs Hair Follicle Genome-Wide Association Study Hair |
| Zdroj: | Experimental Dermatology. 26:483-490 |
| ISSN: | 0906-6705 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/exd.13347 |
| Popis: | Hair fibres show wide diversity across and within all human populations, suggesting that hair fibre form and colour have been subject to much adaptive pressure over thousands of years. All human hair fibres typically have the same basic structure. However, the three-dimensional shape of the entire fibre varies considerably depending on ethnicity and geography, with examples from very straight hair with no rotational turn about the long axis, to the tightly sprung coils of African races. The creation of the highly complex biomaterials in hair follicle and how these confer mechanical functions on the fibre so formed is a topic that remains relatively unexplained thus far. We review the current understanding on how hair fibres are formed into a nonlinear coiled form and which genetic and biological factors are thought to be responsible for hair shape. We report on a new GWAS comparing low and high curl individuals in South Africa, revealing strong links to polymorphic variation in trichohyalin, a copper transporter protein CUTC and the inner root sheath component keratin 74. This builds onto the growing knowledge base describing the control of curly hair formation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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