Analysis of three-dimensional SAR distributions emitted by mobile phones in an epidemiological perspective
| Autor: | Joachim Schüz, Elisabeth Cardis, Simon Mann, Nadège Varsier, Joe Wiart, Kanako Wake, Masao Taki, Isabelle Deltour |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Radio Waves
Physiology Computer science Frequency band Biophysics Radiation Dosage Models Biological Handset Radio spectrum Absorption law.invention Electromagnetic Fields law GSM Cluster Analysis Humans Computer Simulation Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Computer vision Bioelectromagnetics Phantoms Imaging business.industry Brain Specific absorption rate Environmental Exposure General Medicine Epidemiologic Studies Personal Digital Cellular Artificial intelligence Mobile telephony business Head Cell Phone Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Bioelectromagnetics. 32:634-643 |
| ISSN: | 0197-8462 |
| Popis: | The three-dimensional distribution of the specific absorption rate of energy (SAR) in phantom models was analysed to detect clusters of mobile phones producing similar spatial deposition of energy in the head. The clusters' characteristics were described from the phones external features, frequency band and communication protocol. Compliance measurements with phones in cheek and tilt positions, and on the left and right side of a physical phantom were used. Phones used the Personal Digital Cellular (PDC), Code division multiple access One (CdmaOne), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT) communication systems, in the 800, 900, 1500 and 1800 MHz bands. Each phone's measurements were summarised by the half-ellipsoid in which the SAR values were above half the maximum value. Cluster analysis used the Partitioning Around Medoids algorithm. The dissimilarity measure was based on the overlap of the ellipsoids, and the Manhattan distance was used for robustness analysis. Within the 800 MHz frequency band, and in part within the 900 MHz and the 1800 MHz frequency bands, weak clustering was obtained for the handset shape (bar phone, flip with top and flip with central antennas), but only in specific positions (tilt or cheek). On measurements of 120 phones, the three-dimensional distribution of SAR in phantom models did not appear to be related to particular external phone characteristics or measurement characteristics, which could be used for refining the assessment of exposure to radiofrequency energy within the brain in epidemiological studies such as the Interphone. Bioelectromagnetics. Bioelectromagnetics 32:634–643, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Plný text