Metabolic engineering of capsular polysaccharides
| Autor: | Robert J. Linhardt, Asher Williams, Mattheos A. G. Koffas |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine chemistry.chemical_classification business.industry Genetically engineered Biology Polysaccharide 01 natural sciences General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Biotechnological process Biotechnology Metabolic engineering 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology chemistry 010608 biotechnology Gene expression level Sustainable practices General Agricultural and Biological Sciences business |
| Zdroj: | Emerging Topics in Life Sciences. 2:337-348 |
| ISSN: | 2397-8562 2397-8554 |
| DOI: | 10.1042/etls20180003 |
| Popis: | With rising concerns about sustainable practices, environmental complications, and declining resources, metabolic engineers are transforming microorganisms into cellular factories for producing capsular polysaccharides (CPSs). This review provides an overview of strategies employed for the metabolic engineering of heparosan, chondroitin, hyaluronan, and polysialic acid — four CPSs that are of interest for manufacturing a variety of biomedical applications. Methods described include the exploitation of wild-type and engineered native CPS producers, as well as genetically engineered heterologous hosts developed through the improvement of naturally existing pathways or newly (de novo) designed ones. The implementation of methodologies like gene knockout, promoter engineering, and gene expression level control has resulted in multiple-fold improvements in CPS fermentation titers compared with wild-type strains, and substantial increases in productivity, reaching as high as 100% in some cases. Optimization of these biotechnological processes can permit the adoption of industrially competitive engineered microorganisms to replace traditional sources that are generally toxic, unreliable, and inconsistent in product quality. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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